兰州市古树名木资源特征及其时空分布特征

The characteristics and spatio-temporal distribution of ancient and famous trees in Lanzhou City

摘要:

为保护古树名木和提升兰州市城市文化,采用传统方法分析了兰州市1990年与2018年两次古树名木调查数据,探究了兰州市古树名木资源特征及时空分布情况。结果表明:1990年兰州市共登记造册古树名木265株,分属11科13属18种,其中裸子植物3科3属5种,双子叶植物8科10属13种;2018年有古树名木447株,分属18科25属31种,其中裸子植物4科7属9种,双子叶植物14科18属22种;兰州市古树名木的分布表现出明显的温带性质和温带向亚热带、热带过渡的特点;1990年古树名木资源仅在兰州市城关、安宁、七里河、西固、红古5区和皋兰县分布,而2018年在兰州市5区3县均有分布,城关区分布最多,这是由于古树名木调查范围扩大和掌握古树名木信息增加。兰州市主要适宜生长北温带型和北温带南北温带间断分布类型(全温型)的种子植物,且其乡土树种大部分来自这类种子植物;兰州市古树名木在空间上呈现出一定的聚集性,这与兰州历史风俗文化和自然地域气候有关,并且兰州市古树名木资源主要分布在城关区和七里河区。

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the resource characteristics and spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of ancient and famous trees in Lanzhou,which would lay foundation for protecting ancient and famous trees,and promoting urban culture of Lanzhou.The survey data on ancient and famous trees in Lanzhou in 1990 and 2018 were analyzed by traditional methods.There were a total of 265 ancient and famous trees registered in 1990,which belonged to 18 species in 13 genera of 11 families.Among the 265 trees,there were five species of gymnosperms in three genera of three families;13 species of dicotyledonous plants in 10 genera of eight families.In 2018,447 ancient and famous trees were registered in Lanzhou,which belonged to 31 species in 25 genera of 18 families.Among the 447 trees,there were nine species of gymnosperms in seven genera of four families;22 species of dicotyledonous plants in 18 genera of 22 families.The distribution of ancient and famous trees in Lanzhou showed obvious temperature nature and the characteristics of transition from temperate zone to subtropical and tropical zone.In 1990,the resources of ancient and famous trees were only distributed in Chengguan,Anning,Qilihe,Xigu,Honggu Districts,and Gaolan County.In 2018,ancient and famous trees were distributed in all five districts and three counties of Lanzhou,with the most in Chengguan District.This was due to the expansion of the survey scope of ancient and famous trees,and the increase in the information on ancient and famous trees.Lanzhou is mainly suitable for the growth of spermatophytes of the northern temperate zone,and the discontinuous distribution type(full temperature type) in the northern and southern temperate zones.Furthermore,most of the native tree species in Lanzhou come from these two distribution types.The ancient and famous trees in Lanzhou present a certain degree of aggregation in space,which was related to the historical customs,culture and natural climate of Lanzhou.The ancient and famous trees in Lanzhou are mainly distributed in Chengguan and Qilihe Districts.