青海湖地区燕麦与箭筈豌豆最佳混播比例的筛选

Screening of seeding ratio of common vetch and oatmixture in Qinghai Lake area

摘要:

在青海湖南岸的甲乙村以箭筈豌豆(W)和燕麦(Y)以1∶0、1∶1、1∶2和1∶3比例混播,分别对不同时期牧草干草产量、营养品质进行测定,以确定该地区最佳混播比例和收获时间。结果表明:各处理干草产量在2015年9月底最大,干草产量1∶0、1∶1、1∶2和1∶3混播比例分别为1 155.14、1 997.09、1946.38、1 967.70 g/m2。箭筈豌豆单播处理(1∶0)干草产量显著低于其他处理(P <0.05),比其他3种混播比例干草产量约低800 g/m2(约占41%)。混播处理中,随着燕麦比例的增加,干草粗蛋白含量逐渐下降,中、酸性洗涤纤维以及粗脂肪含量比箭筈豌豆单播增大。箭筈豌豆单播处理在8月底粗蛋白产量达到最高值为276.47 g/m2,显著高于其他处理(P <0.05),分别是混播比例1∶1,1∶2和1∶3粗蛋白产量的1.6倍,1.8倍和2.7倍。箭筈豌豆与燕麦1∶1比例混播9月底粗蛋白产量最高,为364.79g/m2,显著高于其他混播,大约是箭筈豌豆单播处理(1∶0)粗蛋白产量的1.5倍,是1∶2混播比例粗蛋白产量的1.4倍,是1∶3混播比例粗蛋白产量的2.4倍。综合干草产量及粗蛋白产量,该地区箭筈豌豆和燕麦的最佳混播比例是1∶1,牧草最佳收获时间是9月底。

Abstract:

The yield and quality of common vetch (Vicia sativa,W) and oat (Avena sativa,Y) mixture with4 different seeding ratios (1∶0,1∶1,1∶2 and 1∶3) were studied in Qinghai Lake area in 2015.The results showedthat the forage yield of all treatments reached the maximum at the end of September.The yields of 4 mixing ratioswere 1 155.14 g/m2,1 997.09 g/m2,1 946.38 g/m2 and 1967.70 g/m2,respectively.The yield in 1∶0 treatmentwas significantly lower than those of other treatments.As the proportion of oat increased,the content ofcrude protein (CP) decreased gradually.Compared with common vetch monoculture,the contents of neutral detergentfiber (NDF),acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ether extract (EE) increased.At the end of August,theyield of CP for common vetch monoculture reached the maximum (276.47 g/m2),which was significantly higherthan the mixture.The CP yield of 1∶1 treatment the highest (364.79 g/m2) at the end of September,whichwas significantly higher than those of other mixtures.Considering the comprehensive hay yield and CP yield,theoptimal mixture ratio of was 1∶1,and the optimal harvest time was the end of September