抗寒苜蓿品系生产性能评价及ISSR遗传多样性分析

Production performance evaluation and ISSRanalysis of genetic diversity of coldresistantMedicago sativa

摘要:

对3个紫花苜蓿品系GNKH-1,GNKH-2和GNKH-3在高寒湿润气候区进行了连续两年的品系比较试验,研究其生产性能和遗传基础差异,以俄罗斯杂花,金皇后和阿尔冈金紫花苜蓿为对照。结果表明:GNKH-3的年平均越冬率最高(85.55%);干草产量最高(5.74 t/hm2);株高、生长速度、分枝数、叶茎比均比对照表现良好,分别为62.03 cm、0.80 cm/d、15.3个/株、1.02。ISSR分子标记结果为,引物的多态位点百分率62.07%,基因多样性指数和Shannon’s信息指数的平均值分别为0.267 6和0.384 2。3个抗寒苜蓿品系与对照的遗传相似性都比较小,介于0.482 8~0.666 7。聚类分析表明:8条ISSR引物在遗传距离0.78处将供试苜蓿材料分为2类,第1类包含3个抗寒苜蓿品系材料,在高寒湿润气候区具有高产、生产性能强的特点;第2类包含3个对照材料,其产量、生产性能相对第1类材料较低。主成分分析法评价紫花苜蓿的生产性能,综合排序为:GNKH-3>GNKH-2>GNKH-1>阿尔冈金>俄罗斯杂花>金皇后。

Abstract:

The production performance and genetic diversity of 3 cold-resistant materials (GNKH-1,GNKH-2 and GNKH-3) of Medicago sativa was studied in cold humid climate zone and M .sativa subsp.varia,M .sativacv.Conden Empress and M .sativa cv.Algonguin were used as controls.Result showed that the averagewintering rate and hay yield of GNKH-3 were the highest (85.55% and 5.74 t/ha).which was 70.19%,70.83%,56.72% digger than that of M .sativa subsp. varia,M .sativa cv.Golden Empress and M .sativa cv.Algonguin.The plant height (62.03 cm),growth rate (0.80 cm/d),branch number (15.3) and leaf-stem ratio (1.02) of GNKH-3 were higher than controls.According to the ISSR molecular marker results,the polymorphic lociwas 62.07%.The average value of gene diversity index and Shannon's information index were 0.267 6 and 0.384 2 respectively.The low genetically similarity between 3 cold-resistant materials and controls ranged from 0.482 8 to 0.666 7.The tested materials were divided into two groups based on clustering analysis at genetic distanceof 0.78 by eight primers.The cold-resistant materials were clustered in Group 1 for their high yield andproduction performance.Group two included 3 materials in control group for their low productivity.PCA comprehensiverank of tested materials was GNKH-3>GNKH-2>GNKH-1>M .sativa cv.Algonguin>M .sativavar.varia>M .sativa cv.Golden Empress.