北京市28种地被植物光合特性的研究

Photosynthetic characteristics of 28 ground cover plants in Beijing

摘要:

为了筛选北京市耐荫绿化地被植物,选用28种地被植物,测定了其光合色素含量及光合特性,并对28种地被植物进行了聚类分析。结果表明:美国石竹、鼠尾草、‘原野’无芒雀麦、百脉根、‘纽一’多年生黑麦草、紫花地丁、‘Accent’多年生黑麦草、白三叶、蓝亚麻、桔梗及‘WL354HQ’紫花苜蓿中的叶绿素a/b比值较低。细茎冰草、美国石竹、蒲公英、日本苔草的光饱合点和光补偿点均较低,表观量子效率均在0.05以上。‘Accent’多年生黑麦草、老芒麦、普通高羊茅、‘科罗拉多’高羊茅、百脉根、鼠尾草的光饱和点均在1 200 μmol/(m2·s)以上,光补偿点均在50 μmol/(m2·s)以下,同时总叶绿素含量均在0.8 mg/g以上,表观量子效率均在0.05以上。将28种植物的光补偿点进行了聚类分析,当聚合距离为5时可将这28种地被植物分为3类,其中,光补偿点最大的是‘WL354HQ’紫花苜蓿、‘Companion’日本结缕草和蓝亚麻。

Abstract:

In order to screen the shade tolerant ground cover plant used in Beijing,the photosynthetic pigmentcontent and photosynthetic characteristics of 28 species/cultivars of ground cover plants were studied.Theresults showed that the ratio of chlorophyll a/b in Dianthus barbatus,Salvia japonica,Bromus inermis cv.Yuanye,Lotus corniculatus,Lolium perenne cv.Niuyi,Viola philippica,Lolium perenne cv.Accent,Trifoliumrepens,Linum perenne,Platycodon grandiflorus,Medicago sativa cv.WL354HQ was lower among these 28plants,indicated that these plants were more resistant to shade.The light saturation point and light compensationpoint of Agropyron trachycaulum cv.Slender,Dianthus barbatus,Taraxacum mongolicum and Carex japonicakept a relatively lower level,and their apparent quantum efficiency was above 0.05,which indicated thatthese 4 plants were more tolerant to shade stress.The light saturation points of Lolium perenne cv.Accent,Elymus sibiricus,Festuca elata,Festuca elata cv.Colorado,Lotus corniculatus and Salvia japonica were all above1 200 μmol/(m2·s),and the light compensation points were below 50 μmol/(m2·s),the total chlorophyllcontent was above 0.8 mg/g,and the apparent quantum efficiency was above 0.05,which indicated theirstrong ability to utilize weak light.