高原鼢鼠干扰下高寒草甸无脊椎动物分布与环境因子的关系

Relationship between invertebrate distribution and environmental variables under the disturbanceof plateau zoker (Eospalax baileyi

摘要:

为了解高原鼢鼠干扰对高寒草甸无脊椎动物类群组成及其数量的影响,选取青藏高原祁连山东段天祝县高原鼢鼠栖息地,用鼠丘数量代表干扰强度,设置高,中和低3个干扰区并调查各区植被群落特征、土壤理化性状和无脊椎动物类群及其数量。采用多元排序分析无脊椎动物类群对栖息环境条件变化的响应因子。各区共捕获无脊椎动物累计9目317只,其中,高、中和低强度干扰区无脊椎动物类群分别是9目,8目和8目;不同干扰区无脊椎动物优势类群不同。鞘翅目成虫,柄眼目和鳞翅目幼虫是共有优势类群,鞘翅目幼虫是高强度和中强度干扰区优势类群,而双翅目幼虫是中低干扰区优势类群;伴随高原鼢鼠干扰强度增加,无脊椎动物总密度和植食动物密度明显增加,高干扰区无脊椎动物总密度显著高于低干扰区(P <0.05),植食性无脊椎动物密度也显著高于低干扰区(P<0.05);冗余分析和偏冗余分析表明,土壤紧实度和含水量是影响高寒草甸无脊椎动物类群组成和分布的主要环境因子。高原鼢鼠通过改变高寒草甸土壤物理性状进而影响无脊椎动物群落组成及其数量。

Abstract:

In order to clarify the effect of plateau zoker disturbance on invertebrate,the community structureand population quantity of both plant and invertebrate,and soil properties were studied in Tianzhu County,locatedin the eastern Qilian Mountain region.And by using the number of zoker mound as the disturbance factor,three plots with different zoker mound numbers were selected to conduct the investigation.RDA was used to analyzethe response factors of invertebrate groups to the changes of habitat conditions.A total of 317 larger soilanimal individuals belonged to 9 orders were collected in the study area.There were 9 orders,8 orders and 8 ordersof invertebrate respectively existing in zoker disturbance plots with high intensity,medium intensity andlow intensity.Coleoptera,Stylommatophora and Lepidoptera (larvae) were the common dominant groups inthree plots,and Coleoptera (larvae) only appeared in the plot of high and medium zoker disturbance intensity.Dipterahr (larvae) only appeared in the plot of medium and low pika disturbance intensity.Along with the zokerdisturbance intensity,the density of invertebrate increased significantly,similarly,the density of phytophagousincreased significantly.The RDA analyses revealed that soil compaction and soil moisture were the environmentaldriving factors for invertebrate distribution under zoker disturbance in alpine meadow.Zoker disturbance affectedsoil properties,and then affected invertebrate and its population number