经纬度对中国野生狗牙根土壤养分的影响

Effects of different longitudes and latitudes on soilnutrition in wild bermudagrass distributionareas in China

摘要:

对沿N 34°纬度线以及E 113°经度线的27个不同地区的狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)土壤进行取样,测定了全氮、有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效磷和pH指标,研究不同经纬度对野生狗牙根土壤养分的影响。结果表明:(1) 无论在经度还是在纬度梯度上,土壤养分含量之间都有显著的空间异质性。在经度梯度上,所有的土壤养分指标的变异系数均在27% 以上,在纬度梯度上,其土壤养分指标的变异系数均在33%以上;(2) 经度与狗牙根土壤交换性钙含量(P＜0.01)以及土壤pH(P＜0.01)呈显著负相关关系,沿经度梯度的气候因素对当地土壤碱解氮(P＜0.01)、交换性钙(P＜0.01)的含量以及pH值(P＜0.01)有显著的影响,纬度与狗牙根土壤交换性钙(P＜0.01)与交换性镁的含量(P＜0.01)呈显著正相关关系,沿纬度梯度的气候因素也会显著影响这两种土壤养分的含量;(3) 狗牙根土壤养分综合质量沿经度梯度的平均值大于沿纬度梯度的平均值,纬度以及气候因素会显著影响狗牙根土壤养分综合质量,而经度则对其无显著的影响。由此可见,狗牙根土壤养分会随经度与纬度的不同表现作出明显的差异,经度的降低显著增加狗牙根土壤交换性钙含量以及pH,而纬度的降低会显著降低土壤交换性钙与交换性镁的含量。

Abstract:

Soil samples around Cynodon dactylon root system grown in China along the 34°N latitude line with 113°E longitude line were sampled,then total and available nitrogen,organic matter,available potassium,exchangeable Ca,exchangeable Mg,available phosphorus and pH in 27 regions were determined in the lab.Thereafter,the effects of geographical longitude with latitude on soil nutrient of bermudagrass was explored from the collected data.The results showed that there was significant spatial heterogeneity among soil nutrient contents,and the coefficient of variation of all soil nutrient indexes were above 27% in longitude and above 33% in latitude.Soil exchangeable Ca content (P＜0.01) and pH value (P＜0.01) were significantly and negatively correlated with longitude.The available nitrogen content (P＜0.01),exchangeable Ca (P＜0.01) content and pH (P＜0.01) were significantly effected by the local climatic factors along longitude gradients.Soil exchangeable Ca content (P＜0.01) and exchangeable Mg (P＜0.01)were significantly and positively correlated with latitude,while the local climatic factors along latitude gradients significantly effected the soil nutrients of those two.The average value of soil quality along longitude was greater than in latitude.Latitude and climatic factors significantly effected the soil quality,while the longitude will not.To sum up,the soil nutrients of bermudagrass showed obvious different with the changes of longitude and latitude.The exchangeable Ca content and the pH value were significantly increased with the decrease of longitude,while the contents of exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg were significantly decreased with the decrease of latitude.