高寒草甸不同利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of different utilization patterns on soil physicochemical properties in alpine meadow

摘要:

为了深入了解高寒草甸土壤理化性质对利用方式的响应,以放牧地、退耕还林地、次生沙棘林地和耕地等4种利用方式的土壤为对象,研究其0~10、10~20 cm土层土壤颗粒组成、pH值、有机碳、全氮、全磷和全钾等理化性质特征。结果表明:放牧地土壤含有的粉粒、粘粒多,粗砂粒少,耕地土壤含有的粗砂粒多,粉粒和粘粒少。土壤pH值由高到低的顺序为:耕地＞次生沙棘林地＞退耕还林地＞放牧地。土壤有机质、全氮含量遵循放牧地＞退耕还林地＞次生沙棘林地＞耕地的变化趋势。有机质和全氮含量之间以及与粘粒比例之间呈显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)正相关关系,和pH值之间呈显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)负相关关系。利用方式对有机质、全氮、粗砂粒和全钾含量的影响较大。

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of utilization patterns on the soil physiochemical properties of alpine meadow in Qinghai province,the soil partical composition,pH value,organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm layers were studied under 4 utilization patterns,including grazing land,returning farmland to forest,secondary seabuckthorn forest land and farming land,were measured.The results showed that the grazing land soil contained more silt and clay,less coarse sand,and farming land soil contained more coarse sand and less silt and clay.The order of soil pH value from high to low was farming land ＞ secondary seabuckthorn forest land ＞ returning farmland to forest land ＞ grazing land.Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents basically follow the trend of grazing land ＞ returning farmland to forest land ＞ secondary seabuckthorn forest land ＞farming land.There was a significant positive correlation (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) between organic carbon,total nitrogen and the amounts of clay,and they were also negatively correlated with pH values (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The effects of different utilization patterns on the contents of organic carbon,total nitrogen,coarse sand and total potassium were remarkable.