兰州市城市绿地木本植物多样性研究

Study on species diversity of woody plant in urbangreen land of Lanzhou

摘要:

通过对兰州城市绿地木本植物群落进行调查与研究,提高半干旱区城市木本植物多样性、优化群落结构提出建议。以兰州市公园、单位、居住区、工厂、道路等不同类型绿地的木本植物群落为调查对象,计算木本植物重要值、分析物种多样性格局。在调查范围内,共有木本植物39科、74属、149种。乔木层Simpson指数、 Shannon-Wiener指数和 Pielou均匀度指数分别为0.960,3.619和0.847;灌木层分别为0.920,3.162和0.744;乔木层的多样性、丰富度与均匀度均大于灌木层。不同绿地类型木本植物群落物种组成处于中等不相似的水平,Jaccard相似性系数处于0.25~0.50;不同绿地类型木本植物的物种数、丰富度、均匀度与多样性也不尽相同;其中,居住区绿地乔灌木的丰富度指数以及灌木Shannon-Wiener指数最高;公园绿地的乔灌木Simpson指数、Pielou均匀度指数以及乔木的Shannon-Wiener指数最高。在兰州城市绿地中,应该增加灌木物种以及本地乡土树种的应用,有助于提高木本植物的多样性及群落结构的稳定性。

Abstract:

The woody plant community in urban green land of Lanzhou was investigated and analyzed in order to increase woody plant diversity and improve the community structure.The result indicated that the woody plants belonged to 39 families,74 genera and 149 species.The Simpson index,Shannon-wiener index and Pielou evenness index of arborous layer were 0.960,3.619,and 0.847 respectively,and they were 0.920,3.162 and 0.744 respectively for shrub layer.The species distribution of different types of green land was moderately dissimilar,the Jaccard index ranged from 0.25 to 0.50.The species number,richness,diversity and evenness of woody plant community of different types of green land were different.The diversity index of woody plants and the Shannon-wiener of shrub in residential green land were the highest,the Simpson index and Pielou index of woody plants and Shannon-Wiener index of trees in park were the highest.The shrub species and local trees in urban green land of Lanzhou should be increased in order to improve the woody plant diversity and community stability.