Abstract:To explore the effects of alfalfa planting on soil quality,in this study, the 0~40 cm soil of 3-year (3 a),7-year (7 a),12-year (12 a),and 18-year (18 a) alfalfa grassland in Hilly and gully region of Loess Plateau was selected as the research object,and the farmland soil was used as the control (CK),we used dry-sieving method to study the soil aggregates and organic carbon distribution characteristics of alfalfa grassland in different planting years.The results showed that: 1) The greatest proportion of aggregates was observed at the size of>5 mm in each alfalfa plantation years which approximately accounted for about 41.5% of all aggregates,and the least proportion was observed at the size of 2~1 mm which accounted for no less than 10.0%.With the extension of planting years,the proportion of large aggregates (R0.25) and the average weight diameter (MWD) gradually increased, reaching the maximum at 12a,and the difference was significant compared with other years.2) The variation trend of organic carbon content in soil aggregates was as follows: 12 a>18 a>7 a>3 a>CK,and the organic carbon content of soil 1~0.25 mm granular aggregates was the highest.3) The contribution rate of soil aggregates to organic carbon was about 40% from > 5 mm granular aggregates.Organic carbon storage of soil > 5mm granular aggregates presented an increasing trend with rising age of the alfalfa plantations.The organic carbon storage of each particle size aggregates in 0~20 cm soil layer was higher than that in 20~40 cm soil layer with different planting years.