呼伦贝尔草原土地利用格局及其植被覆盖变化研究

Study on changes of vegetation coverage and landuse/cover in Hulunbuir

摘要:

为了研究呼伦贝尔草原土地利用/覆盖类型的变化特征和植被覆盖度变化及其趋势,以西部草原区域为研究区,选取2010年、2013年的1∶10万土地数据集进行土地利用变化矩阵分析,对比该区域的土地利用类型格局变化,并基于2000~2013年MODISNDVI 16 d合成数据,采用一元线性回归趋势分析建立14年像元的植被覆盖度的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)研究区的土地类型主要以草地、林地为主,两者面积所占百分比稳定在80%左右;(2)14年面积增长幅度最大的为未利用土地,其中转移主要来源于草地,减少幅度最大的为耕地,主要减少成为草地;(3)植被覆盖度总体平稳并呈上升态势,中高覆盖度面积53 635.08 km²,增长比例最高;(4)植被覆盖度变化呈改善状态的地区集中在中西部,呈退化趋势的地区分布在东部,其中显著退化区域分布在海拉尔区及其南北部一带。

Abstract:

In order to explore the characteristics of land use/land cover change (LUCC) and spatial-temporal change of vegetation cover,we choose land use database to compare the different year of landscape patterns by matrix analysis method.Based on 16-day composite MODIS NDVI data,we calculated the trend of the vegetation cover evolution in Hulunbeier steppe during 2000~2013 by linear regression.The results showed that 1) The land types in the study area were mainly grassland and forestland,which accounted for around 80% of total area;2) In 14 years,the largest increased type was unused land,which was transferred mainly from grassland,and the largest decreased type was arable land,which mainly transferred to grassland;3) Vegetation coverage was generally stable and kept an increasing trend,in which,the area of moderate and high coverage accounted for the highest proportion (53 635.08 km²);4)The area where the change trend of vegetation coverage was at an improving state concentrated in the central and western regions,and the regions with a degraded trend distributed in the east.The areas under significant degradation distributed in Hailar and its north and south neighboring parts.