CO2浓度和种群密度对两种色型豌豆蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响

Effects of CO2 concentration and populationdensity on the growth and fecundity of twocolor morphs of pea aphid

摘要:

为探究红、绿两种色型豌豆蚜的生长发育和繁殖在不同CO₂浓度和初始种群密度下的差异,以紫花苜蓿为寄主植物,在二氧化碳气候箱中设置高浓度(750 μL/L)和低浓度(380 μL/L)两个CO₂浓度梯度,饲养不同初始密度的豌豆蚜,观察记录其产蚜前历期、产蚜期、产蚜量和寿命等。结果表明:随着初始密度的增加,两种色型豌豆蚜的产蚜期均延长,初始密度为32头/皿时,在低浓度和高浓度CO₂下红色型豌豆蚜的产蚜期分别达到20.53和27.63 d,绿色型豌豆蚜分别为22.00和29.38 d;产蚜量下降,繁殖力显著降低,初始密度为32头/皿时,在低浓度和高浓度CO₂下红色型豌豆蚜的产蚜量分别为7.75和8.51头,绿色型豌豆蚜分别为6.46和8.76头。CO₂浓度上升对两种色型豌豆蚜产蚜前历期无明显影响,但对其产蚜期、寿命和平均产蚜量有显著影响,高浓度CO₂能显著抑制两种色型豌豆蚜的繁殖力。

Abstract:

In order to explore the differences of growth,development,and reproduction of red and green color morphs of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) under different CO₂ concentration and initial population density,we conducted the experiment under a CO₂ control chamber involved in two levels of CO₂ concentrations (380 μL/L,and 750 μL/L).The pea aphids with different initial density were reared on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants,and the earlier stage of aphid production,aphid production stage,aphid production and longevity were observed and recorded.The results reveled that with the increase of initial density,the aphid production stage of two color morphs were prolonged,when the initial density was 32 heads / dish,the aphid production stage of red color morph reached 20.53 and 27.63 d under the control and high concentration of CO₂,and that of green color morph reached 22.00 and 29.38 d respectively;the aphid production decreased and the fecundity decreased significantly,when the initial density was 32 heads/dish,the aphid production of the red color morph were 7.75 and 8.51 heads under the control and high concentration CO₂,while that of the green color morph were 6.46 and 8.76 heads respectively.The increase of CO₂ concentration had no significant effect on the earlier stage of aphid production between the two color morphs,but had significant effect on the aphid production stage,longevity,and aphid production.High CO₂ concentration could significantly inhibit the fecundity of two color morphs of pea aphid.