复合重金属胁迫下5种植物微观结构的变化

Variation on the microstructure of five plantsunder heavy metals stress

摘要:

为探明植物在复合重金属胁迫下微观结构的变化,采用徒手切片法,对矿渣堆放地和自然地两种生境中的5种植物:蓖麻、刺苋、鬼针草、空心莲子草和紫茎泽兰的茎叶解剖结构进行观察,并测量其叶片厚度、气孔长度和宽度、叶脉厚度、叶脉突起度、茎表皮细胞长度和宽度、茎皮层厚度等指标。结果表明:5种植物的气孔宽度、叶脉厚度和叶脉突起度在两种生境中无显著差异;除刺苋外,矿渣地生境中的其他4种植物的气孔长度均明显大于自然地生境中的植物,其中鬼针草的气孔长度变化最为明显;与自然地植物相比,矿渣地5种植物以较为细长的气孔器、较厚的茎皮层组织等特征来适应重金属环境。矿渣地生境对紫茎泽兰的影响较小。

Abstract:

To investigate the changes of plant microstructure under the stress of complex heavy metals, the anatomical stem and leaf structure of five plants: Ricinus communis,Amaranthus spinosus,Bidens plosa,Alternathera Mart Griseb and EupatoriumadenophoraSpreng at slag stacking site and natural habitat was observed by bare hand slicing method,and the leaf thickness,the stomatal length and width,the vein thickness and protruding degree,the length and width of stem epidermis cells,and the thickness of stem cortex were measured.and The results showed that there was no significant difference in stomatal width,vein thickness and protruding degree between the two habitats.Except for amaranth,the stomatal length of the other four plants in the slag field was significantly larger than that of natural plants,and the stomatal length of Phaeodendron angustifolia changed most obviously.Compared with natural plants,the five plants in the slag field adapted to heavy metal environment with relatively thinner stomatal apparatus and thicker stem cortex tissue.The habitat of slag field had little effect on EupatoriumadenophoraSpreng.