兰州新区道路绿化树种适应性调查评价

Investigation and evaluation of adaptability of roadgreenbelt tree species in Lanzhou New District

摘要:

从园林植物生态适应性和观赏适应性评价角度出发,对兰州新区道路绿化树种适应性进行研究测评,选取保存率、越冬死亡率、冻害率、抽条率、病虫害发生率为树种生态适应性评价指标,观形、观叶、观花、观果、观干为树种观赏适应性评价指标。采用实地随机抽样调查的方法,对兰州新区代表性道路上的绿地树种进行调查,并对每种树种的各项评价指标进行量化赋值,运用层次分析法建立适应性评价指标体系结构模型,构建判断矩阵,计算各项指标权重值。最后采用指数和法依次计算每种树种的适应性评价得分,并对相关数据进行分析及等级划分,最终得出在兰州新区道路绿地树种中适应性Ⅰ级的树种共计8科12属15种,包括樟子松、沙枣、文冠果、西府海棠、苦水玫瑰等;适应性Ⅱ级的树种共计13科24属36种,包括国槐、旱柳、丁香、丰花月季、丝棉木等;适应性Ⅲ级的绿化树种有1科1属2种树种,有五角枫、元宝枫;适应性Ⅳ级的绿化树种仅紫叶小檗1种的相关结论,从而筛选出兰州新区道路绿化的适宜树种,以期为兰州新区城市园林绿地建设提供依据和参考。

Abstract:

In order to study and evaluate the adaptability of road greenbelt tree species in Lanzhou New District from the perspective of garden plant ecological adaptability and ornamental adaptability evaluation,we chose the survival rate,the winter mortality,the freezing injury rate,the shoots shriveling rate,and the incidence of plant diseases and insect pests as evaluation index of tree species ecological adaptability,tree-shape view,leaf view,flower view,fruit view,and trunk view as evaluation index of tree species ornamental adaptability.The method of field random sampling was adopted to investigate the greenbelt tree species on representative roads in Lanzhou New District,and the evaluation indexes of each tree species were quantitatively assigned.The architecture model of adaptability evaluation index system was established by analytic hierarchy process,and the judgment matrix was constructed to calculate the weight values of each index.Finally,the index sum method was used to calculate the adaptability evaluation scores of each tree species,and the relevant data is analyzed and graded.There were 8 families,12 genera,and 15 species belonging to the adaptability grade I among the road greenbelt tree species in Lanzhou New District,including mongolica,elaeagnus angustifolia,crown fruit,sit haitang,bitterness rose,etc.;13 families,24 genera,and 36 species belonged to the grade Ⅱ,including pagoda tree,plants,clove,Chinese rose,silk cotton,wood,etc .;1 family,1 genus,and 2 species belonged to grade Ⅲ,including pentagon maple,acer truncatum;1 species belonged to grade Ⅳ,purple leaf.This study selected the suitable tree species for road greening in Lanzhou New Area,in order to provide the basis and reference for the construction of urban garden green space in Lanzhou New Area.