小黑麦种质在兰州地区的种子产量及构成因素分析

Analysis of seed yield and yield components oftriticale lines in Lanzhou

摘要:

以甘肃农业大学培育的5个小黑麦种质(C6、C10、C16、C23、C25)和引自乌克兰的3个小黑麦种质(W33、W34、W35)为试验材料,通过研究不同种质间种子产量以及产量构成因素(株高、有效穗数、小穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重)的差异,以筛选种子产量较高的种质,并探寻影响小黑麦种质种子产量的因素,为饲料型小黑麦新品种培育奠定基础。结果表明:8个小黑麦种质中,C6的种子产量最高(7368 kg/hm2);种子产量构成因素中,C25的株高最高(157.05 cm),C23的有效穗数最多(12.44个/株),W35的小穗数最多(34.75个/穗),C6的穗粒重最大(23.66 g),W33的千粒重最大(58.62 g)。相关分析表明,穗粒重对小黑麦种质种子产量的贡献最大,有效穗数次之,在饲料型小黑麦育种中应优先考虑穗粒重,以获得较高种子产量。综合评价表明,小黑麦种质C6由于穗粒重较大,种子产量最高,可以进一步进行区域试验和生产试验。

Abstract:

Five triticale lines(C6,C10,C16,C23,C25)cultivated by Gansu Agricultural University and three triticale lines(W33,W34,W35)introduced from Ukraine were used as experimental materials to study the their differences of seed yield and its component factors (plant height,number of effective spike,number of spikelets,number of grains per spike,seed weight per spike,thousand kernel weight) in order to screen out the high seed production lines and explore the factors affecting the seed yield.The results showed that among these 8 lines,C6 had the highest seed yield (7368 kg/ha),C25 had the highest plant height (157.05 cm),C23 had the largest number of effective spikes (12.44/plant),W35 had the largest number of spikelets (34.75/ear),C6 had the heaviest grain weight per spike (23.66 g/ear),and W33 had the heaviest thousand grain weight (58.62 g).The correlation analysis showed that the grain weight per spike contributed the most to the seed yield,followed by the effective spike number.The trait of grain weight per spike should be given priority in the breeding of triticale to obtain higher seed yield.Comprehensive evaluation showed that the triticale line C6 had the highest grain weight and seed yield,it can be used for further regional and production tests.