氮肥与播种量互作对燕麦穗部性状及种子产量的影响

Interactive effects of nitrogen and sowing rate on grainyield and panicle development of oat

摘要:

为明确青燕1号燕麦适宜的氮肥施量和播种量,采用随机区组设计,设置3个播种量和5个施氮水平,研究氮肥和播种量对燕麦穗部性状和种子产量的影响。结果表明,施氮量、播种量及其交互作用对种子产量和穗部性状有显著影响(P＜0.001)。种子产量随施氮量和播种量的增加先增加后降低,最大值出现在90 kg/hm2氮肥施用量和180 kg/hm2播种量。穗部性状随施氮量和播种量变化明显,穗长、每穗小穗数、每穗粒数、每穗粒重和千粒重均随着施氮量增加先增加后降低,随播种量的增加而降低。燕麦种子产量与穗长和每穗小穗数极显著相关(P＜0.01),与每穗粒数和每穗粒重之间存在显著相关性(P＜0.05)。因此,90 kg/hm2氮肥施用量和180 kg/hm2播种量是湟中及周边地区种植燕麦的适宜栽培措施。

Abstract:

This study used a combination of three sowing rates and five nitrogen application rates in a randomized block design to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and density on panicle characters and grain yield of oats cv.Qingyan No.1.The results showed that nitrogen application rate,sowing rate and their interaction had significant effects on grain yield and panicle characteristics(P＜0.001).Seed yield initially increased and followed by a decrease in response to the increasing application rate of nitrogen and sowing density,with the maximum value appeared under a combination of 90 kg/ha nitrogen application rate with 180 kg/ha sowing density(N2D2).Panicle traits changed significantly with nitrogen application rate and sowing density.Panicle length,number of spikelets per panicle,number of grains per panicle,grain weight per panicle and 1000-kernel weight increased initially and followed by a reduction along the increasing nitrogen application rate,while decreased with the increased sowing rate.The seed yield of oat was significantly correlated with panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle(P＜0.01),and with number of grains per panicle and weight of grains per panicle(P＜0.05).Therefore,the combination of 90 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer and a sowing density of 180 kg/ha would be suitable cultivation measures for oats in Huangzhong and surrounding areas.