新疆南疆地区不同生活型草木樨产量和品质的比较研究

Comparative study on yield and quality of Melilotuswith different life forms in southern Xinjiang

摘要:

为了避免草木樨(Melilotus spp.)的二年生性状对冬小麦套种草木樨栽培模式带来的负面影响,发掘适合新疆南疆地区种植的一年生草木樨种质资源,在新疆生产建设兵团第一师十团对一年生细齿草木樨(M.dentatus)、二年生黄花草木樨(M.officinalis)和二年生白花草木樨(M.albus)的主要农艺性状和营养成分进行了测定和分析。结果表明:细齿草木樨从出苗期到初花期的生长天数为107 d;干草产量为20 430.59 kg/hm2,极显著高于黄花草木樨和白花草木樨(P＜0.01),比黄花草木樨增产41.16%,比白花草木樨增产24.22%;粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量分别为11.94%、54.23%和44.40%;加权关联度在供试材料中最高。采自新疆南疆拜城县的黄花草木樨的干草产量为14 473.11 kg/hm2,极显著低于细齿草木樨和白花草木樨(P＜0.01),加权关联度在供试材料中最低。综上,与黄花草木樨和白花草木樨相比,细齿草木樨在新疆南疆的综合表现突出,具有较高的利用价值。

Abstract:

To avoid adverse effect of biennial trait of Melilotus on interplanted Triticum aestivum,This study aimed to explore annual Melilotus germplasm suitable for planting in southern Xinjiang.The main agronomic traits and nutritional components of annual M.dentatus,biennial M.officinalis and biennial M.albus accessions were measured and analyzed in the tenth regiment of the first division,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.The results showed that the growth days of M.dentatus from seedling to early flowering were 107 d.The hay yield of M.dentatus was 20,430.59 kg/hm2,which were 41.16% and 24.22% higher than that of M.officinalis and M.albus(P＜0.01),respectively.The contents of crude protein,neutral washing fiber and acid washing fiber of M.dentatus were 11.94%,54.23% and 44.40%,respectively,and its weighted correlation degree was the highest among all the tested accessions.The hay yield of M.officinalis collected from Baicheng County, southern Xinjiang was 14,473.11 kg/hm2,which was significantly lower than that of M.dentatus and M.albus(P＜0.01),and its weighted correlation degree was the lowest among all the tested accessions.Compared with biennial Melilotus,M.dentatus had outstanding overall performance,higher utilization value and potential to be interplanted with Triticum aestivum in southern Xinjiang.