铁棒锤地上部分水浸提液对7种草种子化感作用研究

Potential allelopathy effects of aqueous extracts fromthe aboveground part of Aconitum pendulum onthe seeds of seven grass species

摘要:

以青藏高原极度退化高寒草地次生毒杂草铁棒锤为供试材料,研究了其地上部分浸提液对7种草种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用。结果表明:随着铁棒锤地上部分水浸提液浓度的增大,箭筈豌豆、一年生黑麦草、草地早熟禾种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、芽长和根长呈现不同程度的降低;豌豆种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、芽长、根长以及燕麦的芽长呈现不同程度的升高;垂穗披碱草种子的发芽势、发芽指数以及小黑麦的根长和芽长呈现“低促高抑”的变化趋势。在0.1 g/mL浓度的水浸提液处理下,一年生黑麦草和草地早熟禾种子的发芽率较对照分别降低了28.9%和75.8%,燕麦种子和一年生黑麦草种子发芽势分别较对照降低了49.3%和41.9%,箭筈豌豆、垂穗披碱草、一年生黑麦草和草地早熟禾芽长分别较各自对照降低了23.0%、36.1%、45.1%和66.4%。采用线性回归方程拟合7种草种子萌发的化感综合效应指数与铁棒锤地上部分浸提液浓度的关系,得出7种草种子对浸提液的敏感程度为:草地早熟禾＞一年生黑麦草＞燕麦＞垂穗披碱草＞箭筈豌豆＞豌豆＞小黑麦。

Abstract:

In this experiment,the secondary poisonous weed Aconitum pendulum was used as the test material in the extremely degraded alpine grassland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the allelopathic effects of extracts from aboveground parts on seed germination and seedling growth of 7 species of grasses were studied.The results showed that with the increase of the concentration of aqueous extract from the aboveground part of A.pendulum,the germination percentage,germination potential,germination index,bud length and root length of seeds of Vicia sativa,Lolium multiflorum and Poa pratensis decreased to varying degrees,the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,bud length,root length of Pisum sativum seeds and bud length of Avena sativa seeds increased to varying degrees,the germination potential,germination index of Elymus nutans seeds and root length,bud length of Triticum Secale seeds showed a trend of "low promotion and high inhibition".At the concentrations of 0.01 g/m aqueous extract,compared with the control,the germination percentage of L.multiflorum and P.pratensis seeds decreased by 28.9% and 75.8%,respectively.The germination potential of A.sativa seeds and L.multiflorum seeds decreased by 49.3% and 41.9% compared with the control,respectively.Compared with the control,the bud length of V.sativa,E.nutans,L.multiflorum and P.pratensis decreased by 23.0%,36.1%,45.1% and 66.4%,respectively.Linear regression equation was used to fit the relationship between the allelopathic effect index(SE) of recommended seed germination and the concentration of above ground extract of A.pendulum,the results showed that the sensitivity of recommended seeds to extract was as follows:P.pratensis＞L.multiflorum＞A.sativa＞E.nutans＞V.sativa＞P.sativum＞T.Secale.