旅游扰动对草原植被及土壤的影响

Effects of tourism disturbance on vegetation andsoil properties of grassland

摘要:

随着国民经济水平的不断提高,草原旅游业得到迅速发展,已经具有普遍性和广泛性。以希拉穆仁草原为例,结合景区开发利用状况,分析不同旅游扰动等级对植物及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:旅游干扰会不同程度降低草原植物丰富度和地上生物量,而多样性指数和均匀度指数会提高。随着旅游干扰强度增加,土壤容重、紧实度会逐渐增加,含水量逐渐降低;土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量也呈递减趋势。土壤含水量与紧实度呈极显著负相关关系(P＞0.01),与全效钾、全效磷、有机质含量、丰富度呈极显著正相关关系(P＜0.01)。

Abstract:

With the continuous improvement of the national economic level,the grassland tourism industry has developed rapidly and become universal and extensive.Taking Xilamuren grassland as an example,the effects of different tourist disturbance levels on the physical and chemical properties of vegetation and soil were analyzed in combination with the development and utilization status of scenic spots.The results showed that tourism disturbance reduced plant richness and aboveground biomass to different degrees,while diversity index and evenness index increased.With the increasing intensity of tourism interference,soil bulk density and compacting degree increased gradually,while soil water content decreased gradually.The content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium also showed a decreasing trend.Soil moisture content was negatively correlated with soil compactness(P＞0.01),while positively correlated with soil total available potassium,total available phosphorus,organic matter,and abundance(P＜0.01).