不同覆盖模式对陇中干旱区扁蓿豆草地土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of different mulching patterns on soil enzymeactivities of Medicago ruthenica grassland inarid area of central Gansu

摘要:

研究不同覆盖模式对陇中干旱区扁蓿豆(Medicago ruthenica)土壤酶活性的影响,以期为该地区扁蓿豆种子生产提供理论依据。于定西市安定区进行了为期3年(2017-2019年)的田间试验,以平作处理为对照,设置垄沟覆膜、地膜平覆、垄沟覆秸、平作覆秸和垄沟5种处理,研究了扁蓿豆草地土壤酶活性的变化特征。结果表明:扁蓿豆生长第2年、第3年垄沟覆秸和平作覆秸处理的土壤脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、纤维素酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性均显著高于其他处理。0~10 cm土层,垄沟覆膜、地膜平覆、垄沟覆秸、平作覆秸和垄沟处理与平作处理相比,生长第2年、第3年平均土壤脲酶活性分别提高了24.4%、22.6%、33.9%、26.4%和3.4%;生长第2年、第3年平均土壤纤维素酶活性分别提高了19.2%、4.9%、108.3%、105.0%和0.9%。总体来说,各处理对扁蓿豆生长第2年和第3年草地0~10 cm土层土壤酶活性影响较大,且秸秆覆盖种植的土壤酶活性最高。

关键词:陇中干旱区;土壤酶活性;扁蓿豆

Abstract:

The aim of this research was to understand the effects of different planting methods on soil enzyme activities of Medicago ruthenica to provide a theoretical basis for the production of M.ruthenica in the arid area of central Gansu. A three-year (2017-2019) field experiment was conducted in Anding District of Xishi City.The experiments included: parallel to the ground treatment as the control,film mulching on ridge and furrow,film mulching parallel to the ground,film straw on ridge and furrow,film straw parallel to the ground,ridge and furrow,in total of six treatments.The soil enzyme activity was characterized under each mulching condition.The results showed that the activities of urease,sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,cellulase and catalase in the second and third years of M.ruthenica growth were significantly higher with the film straw on ridge and furrow and film straw parallel to the ground than those with other mulching treatments.In the 0~10 cm soil layer,compared to the parallel to the ground control treatment,with film mulching on ridge and furrow,film mulching parallel to the ground,film straw on ridge and furrow,film straw parallel to the ground and ridge and furrow with parallel to the ground treatment,the average soil urease activity in the second and third year increased by 24.4%,22.6%,33.9%,26.4% and 3.4%,respectively.The average soil cellulase activity in the second and third years of growth increased by 19.2%,4.9%,108.3%,105.0% and 0.9% respectively.In general,each treatment had a greater impact on the soil enzyme activity in the 0~10 cm soil layer of M.ruthenica grassland in the second and third years,and the soil enzyme activity with the straw mulch planting was the highest.

Key words:arid area in central Gansu;soil enzyme activity;Medicago ruthenica