3个小黑麦品种苗期抗旱性评价

Evaluation of drought resistance of three triticale varieties at seedling stage

摘要:

为筛选适宜于干旱半干旱地区种植的饲用型小黑麦品种,以甘农4号(A₁)、石大1号(A₂)和中饲1048(A₃)为试验材料,采用防雨棚隔雨法,研究了3个品种在不同干旱胁迫天数(7,14,21,28,35和42 d)下的生理生化指标脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)、叶绿素(Chl)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性。从单因素看,A₁在不同干旱胁迫天数下的平均相对Pro含量显著低于A₃,与A₂无显著差异;相对SP和Chl含量,SOD和CAT活性略低于A₂和A₃;相对SS含量和POD活性高于A₂和A₃,但无显著差异;随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,3个小黑麦品种的平均相对Pro和SS含量,相对SOD和CAT活性呈先增加后降低的趋势,平均相对SP和MDA含量及POD活性逐渐增加,相对Chl含量呈下降趋势。小黑麦品种×干旱胁迫天数的交互作用表明,A1在中度干旱(28 d)时,相对SOD活性高于A₂和A₃,相对CAT活性低于A₂和A₃;重度干旱(35 d)时,A₁相对Pro含量显著低于A₃,高于A₂,相对SS含量显著高于A₂;重度干旱(42 d)时,相对SP和MDA含量低于A₂和A₃。综合评价表明,小黑麦品种苗期抗旱性强弱顺序为:A₃＞A₂＞A₁。

Abstract:

In order to select forage triticale varieties suitable for planting in arid and semi-arid areas,Gannong No.4 (A₁),Shida No.1 (A₂) and Zhongsi 1048 (A₃) were used as experimental materials.The rain-proof shed was used to isolate the rain.The changes of physiological and biochemical indexes (proline (Pro),soluble sugar (SS),soluble protein (SP),chlorophyll (Chl),malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD),catalase (CAT) activity) of three varieties under different drought stress days (7,14,21,28,35 and 42 d) were studied.The results showed that in terms of single factor,the average relative Pro of A1 under different days of drought stress was significantly lower than that of A₃,but there was no significant difference between A₁ and A₂.Relative SP and Chl,SOD and CAT of A₁ were slightly lower than those of A₂ and A₃.Relative SS and POD is of A1 higher than those of A₂ and A₃,but there is no significant difference.With the extension of the drought stress time,the average relative Pro and SS,relative SOD and CAT of the three triticale varieties increased first and then decreased;while the average relative SP and MDA and POD gradually increased,and the average relative Chl showed a downward trend.The interaction between triticale varieties and drought stress days showed that the relative SOD of A₁ was higher than those of A₂ and A₃ under moderate drought (28 d),and the relative CAT activity of A₁ was lower than those of A₂ and A₃.But under severe drought (35 d),The relative Pro of A₁ was significantly lower than that of A₃ and higher than A₂,and the relative SS of A₁ was significantly higher than that of A₂.During severe drought (42 d),the relative SP and MDA of A₁ were lower than those of A₂ and A₃.Comprehensive evaluation showed that the order of drought resistance at seedling stage was A₃＞A₂＞A₁.