基于太阳能高效利用的内蒙古西部超低能耗草原民居构建

The construction of ultra-low energy consumption grassland dwelling houses in western Inner Mongolia based on solar energy efficient utilization

摘要:

为使内蒙古西部地区太阳能得到高效利用,有效解决草原民居围护结构性能差,能耗高,室内热环境差并造成大量污染等问题,研究基于太阳能的高效利用来构建内蒙古西部超低能耗草原民居,利用当地丰富的太阳能资源,结合当地传统的火炕,构建太阳能热水循环供暖系统,在此基础上对民居朝向、外墙保温层厚度、屋顶保温层厚度进行优化,并进行数值模拟及综合评价。结果表明:与普通民居相比,超低能耗草原民居采暖能耗降低10 146.36 kw·h,能耗降低率为 83.36%;采暖期室内平均温度提高了8.72 ℃,PMV值提高了1.91,室内热舒适性大幅提升;增量效益费用比为1.375,经济性较好;整个采暖期减少污染物 CO₂、SO₂、氮氧化物、烟尘的排放量分别为 9 956、32.3、28.12、20.9 kg,有效推进了农牧区的绿色发展。

关键词:太阳能;超低能耗;草原民居;供暖系统;综合评价

Abstract:

Currently the palisade structure of the grassland dwelling houses in the western region of Inner Mongolia performs poorly,including high energy consumption and poor indoor thermal environment which causes severe pollution problems.To make efficient use of solar energy to effectively solve these problems,this research based on the efficient utilization of solar energy to build local-style grassland dwelling houses for western Inner Mongolia with ultra-low power consumption.This can be achieved using the abundant solar energy resources,combined with the traditional fire brick beds,heating system of hot water circulation withsolar energy ,the residential orientation,optimisation of insulation layer of external wall and roof insulation layer.through numerical simulation and comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that compared with the traditional residential houses,the energy consumption of ultra-low-energy grassland residential houses was reduced by 10 146.36 kw ·h,and the energy consumption reduction rate was 83.36%,a significantly reduction in the energy consumption.The average indoor temperature in heating period increased by 8.72 ℃,the PMV value increased by 1.91,with a great improvement in the indoor thermal comfort.The incremental benefit cost ratio was 1.375,which increased the economic benefits.The emissions of CO₂,SO₂,nox and soot were reduced by 9,956,32.3,28.12 and 20.9 kg during the entire heating period.The new ultra-low-energy design would effectively promote the green development of farming and pastoral areas.

Key words:Solar energy;Ultra-low energy consumption;Grassland dwelling houses;Heating system;Comprehensive evaluation of