南亚热带景观湖泊水生植物筛选研究(Ⅱ)——用综合评价指标体系筛选水生植物

Research on the selection of hydrophytes in land⁃ scape lakes of the south subtropical region(Ⅱ)——Screening hydrophytic plants by comprehensive evaluation index system

摘要:

为了提高景观湖泊水生植物开发利用的有效性，2019 年从前期研究的 47 种景观湖泊水生植物中选择 21 种，采用 AHP 方法构建评价指标体系，通过分析比较，对其综合利用价值进行排序，以此作为科学选择植物的依据。结果表明：挺水植物对筛选的总体目标贡献率依次为：挺水植物＞浮水植物＞沉水植物；挺水植物中的芦苇(Phragmites communis)、蒲苇(Cortaderia selloana)等 10 种植物，浮水植物中的芡实(Euryale ferox)和萍蓬草(Nuphar pumilum)，沉水植物中的金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum de- mersum)和狐尾藻(Myriophyllum verticillatum)均具有较高的综合利用价值。参试的 21 种水生植物的综合利用价值排序与传统园林绿化造景、生态修复等所使用的植物有一定差异，实际应用时应根据主要用途和植物的综合利用价值进行优化组合，以释放其最大效益。

Abstract:

In order to improve the effectiveness of the development and utilization of aquatic plants in landscape lakes，21 species were selected for the study in 2019 from the 47 species of landscape lake aquatic plants studied in the previous period. The AHP method was used to construct an evaluation index system in the research. Through analysis and comparison，the comprehensive utilization value of these plants was ranked，which could be used as the basis for scientific selection of plants. The results showed that the contribution rate of hydrophytes to the overall tar‐ get of screening was in the order of emergent plants ＞ floating plants ＞ submerged plants. The results also demon‐ strated that 10 types of plants including Phragmitescommunis and Cortaderiaselloana among emergent plants，Eich‐ hirniacrasslpes and Euryale ferox among floating plants，and Ceratophyllumdemersum and Myriophyllumverticilla‐ tum among submerged plants have higher comprehensive utilization value than other aquatic plants. The comprehen‐ sive utilization value of the 21 tested hydrophytes is different from those of the plants used in traditional landscaping and ecological restoration. This is mainly due to the synergistic effect of plants with different ecological，ornamental and economic values. Therefore，in actual application，it is necessary to optimize the combination according to the main purpose and the comprehensive utilization value of the plant to release the maximum benefit.