不同碳水化合物添加剂对中间锦鸡儿青贮品质及微生物数量的影响

Effects of different carbohydrate additives on Caragana intermedia silage quality and microbial quantity

摘要:

试验旨在研究不同碳水化合物添加剂对中间锦鸡儿(Caragana intermedia)青贮发酵品质、 营养成分和微生物数量的影响，为利用碳水化合物添加剂调制优质中间锦鸡儿青贮饲料提供科学依据。试验以孕蕾期和盛花期的中间锦鸡儿为原料，设置无添加(对照，CK)、葡萄糖(G)、蔗糖(S)和淀粉组(A)处理，添加量皆为 1. 5%，室温下青贮 60 d 后，取样测定其发酵品质、营养成分和微生物数量。 结果表明：1)盛花期对照组和处理组 pH 值与乙酸含量均极显著低于孕蕾期(P＜0. 01)；而盛花期对照组和处理组粗蛋白(CP)含量、处理组氨态氮占总氮含量均极显著高于孕蕾期(P＜0. 01)。2)与对照组相比，3 种碳水化合物添加剂均极显著降低了孕蕾期中间锦鸡儿青贮饲料 pH 值以及孕蕾期和盛花期中间锦鸡儿青贮饲料乙酸含量(P＜0. 01)；极显著增加了盛花期中间锦鸡儿青贮 pH 值以及孕蕾期和盛花期中间锦鸡儿青贮氨态氮占总氮含量、乳酸菌数量(P＜0. 01)。综合发酵品质和营养成分含量，盛花期中间锦鸡儿添加 1. 5% 蔗糖后，其青贮品质最佳。

Abstract:

In order to provide a scientific basis for the use of carbohydrate additives to prepare high‐quality Cara‐ gana intermedia silage，the effects of different carbohydrate additives on the fermentation quality，nutrient composition and microbial quantity of Caragana intermedia silage were investigated. C. intermedia in the gestational stage and the full-bloom stage was used as raw material. Four groups including no addition (CK，control)，glucose (G treatment)， sucrose (S treatment) and starch (A treatment) were set up，with the addition amount of 1. 5%. After 60 days of si‐ lage at room temperature，samples were taken to determine the fermentation quality，nutrient composition and micro‐ bial number. The results showed that the pH value and acetic acid content of control group and treatment group at full-bloom stage were significantly lower than those at gestational stage (P＜0. 01). However，crude protein (CP) content in control group and treatment group and ammonia nitrogen content in treatment group in full-bloom stage were significantly higher than those in gestational bud stage (P＜0. 01). The experiment also demonstrated that com‐ pared with the control group，the three carbohydrate additives significantly reduced the pH value and acetic acid con‐ tent of C. intermedia at the gestational bud stage and the full‐ bloom stage (P＜0. 01). Besides，the three carbohy‐ drate additives significantly increased the pH value of Caragana silage at full flowering stage，the ammonia nitrogen content in total nitrogen and the number of lactic acid bacteria in Caragana silage at gestational bud and full flowering stage (P＜0. 01). In conclusion，according to fermentation quality and nutrient content，the silage quality of Caragana was the best when 1. 5% sucrose was added at full‐bloom stage stage.