播种期对当归种苗生理指标及质量的影响

Effects of sowing date on physiological indexes and quality of Angelica sinensis seedlings

摘要:

开展当归不同播种期育苗试验，探究播种期所对应气候因子对当归种苗生理指标及质量的影响，寻找当归育苗的最佳气候条件。试验结果显示，各气候因子与种苗单根重、根粗、产量、一级苗比例、成活率和早期抽薹率之间均存在显著或极显著正相关关系，平均地温、平均气温、≥10 ℃有效积温及降水量与丙二醛(MDA)含量呈显著负相关关系，与过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈显著正相关关系。6 月 20 日(第 2 播种期)播种的种苗产量分别比 6 月 10 日、6 月 30 日播种的种苗产量高 11. 96%、65. 63%，MDA 含量分别低 2. 02% 和 29. 44%，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶 (POD)活性较高，药材产量达 1 691. 2 kg/hm² 。综合种苗生理指标及产量，6 月 20 日(第 2 播种期)播种的种苗抗逆性强，早期抽薹率低，药材产量高，可作为适宜播种期，其对应的气象因子可作为适宜气候条件。

Abstract:

Seedling cultivation experiments of Angelica sinensis in different planting dates were carried out to ex- plore the influence of climate factors corresponding to planting date on physiological indexes and quality of Angelica sinensis seedlings，and to find the best climatic conditions for Angelica sinensis seedling cultivation. The experiment results showed that there were significant or extremely significant positive correlations between climate factors and seedling weight per root，root diameter，yield，proportion of primary seedlings，survival rate and early bolting rate. Av- erage ground temperature，average air temperature，effective accumulated temperature ≥10℃ and rainfall were signifi- cantly negatively correlated with MDA content，and positively correlated with CAT and POD activities. The seed- lings sown on June 20(the second sowing date) had a higher yield of 11. 96% and 65. 63% than those sown on June 10 and June 30，respectively，while the content of MDA was 2. 02% and 29. 44% lower，and the activities of superox- ide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were higher. The output of medicinal materials reached 1 691. 2 kg/ hm2 . Based on the physiological indicators and yield of seedlings，the seedlings sown on June 20(the second sowing date) had strong resistance to stress，low early bolting rate and high yield of medicinal materials，which could be used as the appropriate sowing period. And the corresponding climate factors could be used as the appropriate climate con- ditions.