联户放牧模式对退化草地治理的绩效分析

Performance analysis of multi-household grazing model on degraded grassland management

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨联户放牧模式的概念、理论根源以及基于该模式对退化草原治理的实施效果，并针对当前草地管理模式存在的问题，提出未来草原管理政策的可行性建议。结果表明：面对草原退化，我国政府相继采取了草原管理政策，草原退化的趋势并没有被完全抑制。联户放牧模式的出现， 为遏制草原退化提供了一条创新途径，为实现草场高质量发展提供了实践视角。作为牧区地方治理的新模式，它虽然在一定程度上可以克服草原管理政策的缺陷，但仍缺乏国家政策的保护和政府的支持。 因此，在未来草地管理制度设计中应注重考虑 4 个方面：(1)牧区本土知识的应用；(2)新型职业牧民的培育；(3)基于自然解决方案的内容设计；(4)围栏拆建的科学性。

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to explore the concept，theoretical root and implementation effects of multi - household grazing model on grassland degradation management. In view of the problems existing in the current grassland management model，the feasibility suggestions for future grassland management policies are put forward. The results show that，in the face of the grassland degradation，the grassland management policies adopted by our gov- ernment in succession have not completely suppressed the trend of the grassland degradation. The multi- household grazing mode provides an innovative way to curb grassland degradation and a practical perspective to realize high-qual- ity grassland development. As a new model of local governance in pastoral areas，the combined family grazing model can overcome the defects of grassland management policies to a certain extent，but it still lacks the protection of na- tional policies and the support of the government. Therefore，four directions should be considered during the design process of future grassland management systems，(1) the application of local knowledge；(2) the cultivation of new professional herders；(3) the content design based on natural solutions；and (4) the scientific nature of fence disman- tling and construction