宁夏雨养区饲用小黑麦种质适应性评价

Study on adaptability evaluation of feeding triticale germplasm in rain-fed area of Ningxia

摘要:

【目的】筛选适宜在宁夏雨养区推广种植的饲用型小黑麦(×Triticosecale)品种(系)。 【方法】采用单因素随机区组设计，测定 6 个小黑麦品种(系)的农艺性状、干草产量和营养品质等指标， 并利用主成分分析方法(PCA)对其进行综合评价。【结果】6 个小黑麦品种(系)越冬率均在 85% 以上， 其中冀饲草 1 号越冬率最强，达 89. 80%；生育期天数基本一致，均为 246~248 d；各品种(系)小黑麦农艺性状和营养指标间差异显著(P＜0. 05)，其中冀饲草 1 号干草产量和粗蛋白含量最高，分别达 8 978. 23 kg/hm² 和 9. 53%，显著高于其他品种(P＜0. 05)；石大 1 号相对饲喂价值最高，为 95. 26，冀饲草 1 号种子产量最高(5 894. 44 kg/hm² )；经 PCA 综合分析得出，小黑麦评价由高到低顺序为石大 1 号、冀饲草 1 号、鉴 46、晋饲草 1 号、鉴 47、鉴 18。【结论】可选择石大 1 号、冀饲草 1 号、鉴 46 在宁夏雨养区种植推广。

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to select triticale varieties suitable for planting in rainfed areas of Ningxia，the ag‐ ronomic characters，hay yield and nutritional quality of six triticale varieties(lines) were determined by single factor random block design.【Method】 Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the agronomic characters， hay yield and nutritional quality of six triticale varieties (lines).【Result】 The results showed that the overwintering rates of 6 wheat varieties were all above 85%，and Jishicao No. 1 had the strongest overwintering rate of 89. 80%. Different rye could complete the growth period between 246 and 248 days，and the growth days were basically the same. There were significant differences in agronomic traits and nutritional indexes among different varieties(lines) (P＜0. 05). The hay yield and crude protein content of Jishicao 1 were the highest，reaching 8978. 23 kg/hm2 and 9. 53%，respectively，which were significantly higher than those of other varieties(lines)(P＜0. 05). Shida 1 had the highest relative feeding value of 95. 26. The seed yields of different varieties(lines) of triticale were measured and tested，and it was concluded that Jiweicao 1(5 894. 44 kg/hm2 ) had the highest seed yield.【Conclusion】 The PCA comprehensive analysis showed that the order of rye evaluation from high to low was Shida 1，Jiweicao 1，Jian 46，Jin‐ weicao 1，Jian 47 and Jian 18. Therefore，Shida No. 1，Jishicao No. 1 and Jian 46 could be selected for planting and promotion in rainfed areas of Ningxia.