祁连山金强河流域莎草科植物区系特征分析

Analysis of floristic characteristics of sedge family in Jinqiang River basin of Qilian Mountain

摘要:

【目的】植物区系分析是科学开发利用和保护植物资源的重要前提。祁连山金强河流域位于青藏高原与黄土高原交界处，区位特征独特，莎草科(Cyperaceae)植物作为该地区的优势植物，对其进行资源调查和区系分析尤为重要。【方法】通过搜集文献、核实鉴定馆藏植物标本，编制祁连山金强河流域莎草科植物名录，分析莎草科植物科属特征和区系成分。【结果】祁连山金强河流域莎草科植物共有 6 属 53 种(4 变种)，其中，多种属 2 个，为薹草属(Carex)和嵩草属(Kobresia)，寡种属 1 个，为扁穗草属(Blysmus)，单种属 3 个 ，为三棱草属(Trichophorum)、细莞属(Bolboschoenu)和蔺藨草属(Isol- epis)，特有种 9 种；从各属包含的种数上来看，单种属和寡种属所含种的比例只占 5. 66 %和 3. 77 %，而多种属所含种的比例达到 90. 57%，占据明显的主导地位；植物区系成分包括世界分布型和北温带型 2 个分布区类型，世界分布型有 4 属 40 种，北温带型有 2 属 13 种。【结论】祁连山金强河流域莎草科植物区系成分总体简单，但莎草科植物资源丰富，特有种和世界分布型植物数量较多，具有重要的开发利用潜力。

Abstract:

【Objective】 Flora analysis is an important prerequisite for scientific development，utilization and pro‐ tection of plant resources. The Jinqiang River basin of Qilian Mountain is located at the junction of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau，with unique geographical characteristics. As the dominant plants in this region，it is very important to conduct resource investigation and floristic analysis on Cyperaceae.【Method】 In this study，a list of sedge plants in jinqiang river basin of Qilian Mountain was compiled by collecting literature，verifying and identifying plant specimens，and analyzing the family and genus characteristics and flora components of sedge plants. 【Result】 The results showed that there there 53 species (4 varieties) of sedge plants belonging to 6 genera in Jinq‐ iang River basin of Qilian Mountain，including 2 multiplegenus (Carex and Kobresia)，1 oligotypicgenus (Blysmus)， 3 monotypicgenus (Trichophorum，Bolboschoenus and Isolepis) and 9 endemic species. In terms of the number of species contained in each genus，the proportion of species contained in single and oligotypic genera was only 5. 66% and 3. 77% respectively，while the proportion of species contained in multiple genera was 90. 57%，occupying a dis‐ tinctly dominant position. The floristic composition included two distribution types：the world distribution type and the north temperate type. The world distribution type had 40 species in 4 genera and the north temperate type had 13 species in 2 genera.【Conclusion】 In conclusion，the cyperaceae flora in Jinqiang River basin of Qilian Mountain is simple on the whole，but the cyperaceae plant resources are rich，and there are a large number of endemic species and worldwide distributed plants，which has important potential for development and utilization.