建立沙化土地封禁保护区对农户生计多样化的影响

The impact of the establishment of protected areas on the diversification of farmers' livelihoods

摘要:

【目的】精确识别建立沙化土地封禁保护区对甘肃省不同生态系统下农户生计多样化的影响。【方法】在玛曲、民勤和山丹的国家级沙化土地封禁保护区(项目组)和未封禁区(对照组)进行调查问卷和访谈，研究沙化土地封禁保护政策的影响下生计策略与生计资本的关系。【结果】生计资本总值和生计策略总指数均呈现牧区＜农区＜农牧交错区的特征，且项目组低于对照组；生计多样化指数为 0 及 0. 5 以上的农户数项目组相比对照组下降幅度大，0~0. 5 的农户数项目组相比对照组上升幅度大。 【结论】建立封禁保护区在降低三县封禁区农户的生计资本的同时，也降低了纯农户的比例，但总体上生计多样化水平较低；自然资本是主导农户选择农业生产生活的主要因素，人力资本是主导农户选择非农业生产生活的主要因素。

Abstract:

【Objective】To accurately identify the impact of establishing closed protected areas on farmers' liveli‐ hood diversification under different ecosystem types in Gansu，this paper aims to make a research on the relationship between livelihood strategy and livelihood capital under the influence of desertification land closure protection policy. 【Method】 Questionnaires and interviews were made in the closed areas (project group) and unclosed areas (control group) of Maqu，Minqin and Shandan，which are national closed protection areas.【Result】 The results indicated that the total value of livelihood capital and the total index of livelihood strategy showed the characteristics of pastoral area