公园绿地微生境对绢毛匍匐委陵菜花期生长发育的影响

Effect of microhabitats in park greenery on the growth and development of flowering stage of Poten⁃ tilla reptans var. sericophylla

摘要:

【目的】为绢毛匍匐委陵菜(Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla)在公园绿地不同环境中的科学应用及花期养护管理提供借鉴。【方法】调查公园绿地不同微生境(林下、林缘、旷地、凹地)的空气、 光照、土壤等环境因子特征及绢毛匍匐委陵菜花期生长发育状况，运用多元回归分析法，分析主要环境因子对绢毛匍匐委陵菜花期生长发育特征的影响。【结果】1)不同微生境类型中绢毛匍匐委陵菜花期的地上生物量、匍匐茎平均长度有显著差异(P＜0. 05)，匍匐茎数量有极显著差异(P＜0. 01)，土壤含水率对匍匐茎发生有一定影响，凹地微生境 20% 的土壤含水率更适于绢毛匍匐委陵菜花期匍匐茎的发生与伸长。2)不同微生境下的花量、花期有极显著差异(P＜0. 01)，花量、花期均与空气湿度、相对光照强度呈正相关关系，在空气湿度为 28. 19%，相对光照强度为 100% 的旷地生境中，绢毛匍匐委陵菜花量最多且花期也最长。3)株高和盖度与空气湿度之间有着极显著的正相关关系(P＜0. 01)，空气湿度为 28. 35% 的林缘微生境中绢毛匍匐委陵菜花期株高、盖度最更。【结论】光照条件更好的旷地生境可以有效维持绢毛匍匐委陵菜的花期并提升花量，坡地微地生境绢毛匍匐委陵菜匍匐茎最多且长， 林缘微生境创造的较湿润的空气条件有助于绢毛匍匐委陵菜增高和覆盖地表。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study is aimed to provide a reference for the scientific application and flowering main‐ tenance and management of Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla in different environmental conditions in park green ar‐ eas.【Method】 The characteristics of environmental factors including air，light and soil in different microhabitats (for‐ est understory，forest edge，open space and slope) in urban green areas of parks and the growth and development sta‐ tus of Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla were investigated during the flowering period. The influence of major envi‐ ronmental factors on the growth and development characteristics of Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla was analyzed during the flowering period by multiple regression analysis method.【Result】(1)There were significant differences (P ＜0. 05) in above‐ground part biomass and mean length of stolons and there were extremely significant differences (P ＜0. 01) in the number of stolons during flowering in different microhabitat types of Potentilla reptans var. serico- phylla. Soil water content had a positive effect on stolono generation. and a soil water content of 20% in the concave microhabitat was more more suitable for the occurrence and extension of stolon in flowering period.(2) There were highly significant differences (P＜0. 01) in flower volume and flowering period，and flower volume and flowering pe‐ riod were positively related to relative air humidity and relative light intensity. In the open field habitat where relative air humidity was 28. 19%，relative light intensity was 100%，Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla had the highest flower volume and the longest flowering period.(3) There was a highly significant positive correlation between plant height，cover and relative air humidity (P＜0. 01). The plant height and cover in the microhabitat of forest margin with relative air humidity of 28. 35% was higher than that in the flowering stage.【Conclusion】 The open field type habitat with better light conditions could effectively maintain the flowering period and increase the flowering volume of Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla. The microtopographic habitat with certain slope had more and longer stolons of Potentilla reptans var. sericophylla. The moist air conditions created by the forest edge microhabitat helped Poten- tilla reptans var. sericophylla to increase the height and cover the ground surface.