陕西榆林市草地生态安全评价

Evaluation of grassland ecological security in Yulin City,Shanxi Province

摘要:

【目的】对农牧交错区草地生态安全进行量化研究，为该区域构建草地保护新格局和实现可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】以榆林市草地资源为研究对象，以 PSR (Pressure-State-Response) 模型为基础，从自然、经济和社会等方面选取 12 个草地生态系统评价指标，构建榆林市草地生态安全评价模型，采用熵权法确定各指标权重，对该市 2019 年的草地生态安全进行评价，并对 12 个县(区)草地资源进行生态安全等级确定，最终提出相应对策和建议。【结果】榆林市各县(区)草地生态安全多处于临界安全状态，全市平均生态安全指数为 0. 435 8，生态安全状态为临界安全。【结论】草地生态安全保护治理措施是榆林市各县(区)草地生态安全状态产生差异的主要影响因素，建议采用社会经济和生态保护协调发展的模式，开展分区域生态调控，实行“一区一策”。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The quantitative study of grassland ecological security in farming‐pastoral zone provides a scientific basis for constructing a new strategy for grassland protection and achieving sustainable development in the region.【Method】 The grassland resources in Yulin City were selected as the research objects. Based on the Pressure‐ State ‐Response (PSR ) model，12 evaluation indexes of grassland ecosystem were selected from natural，economic and social aspects to construct the evaluation model of grassland ecological security in Yulin City. The weight of each index was determined by the entropy weight method to evaluate the grassland ecological security in 2019. The eco‐ logical security level of grassland resources in 12 counties (districts) was evaluated，and the corresponding counter measures and suggestions were put forward.【Result】 The results showed that the grassland ecological security of the counties (districts) in Yulin City was mostly in a critical safety state and the average ecological security index of the whole city was 0. 435 8 which was critical the ecological security state.【Conclusion】 Grassland ecological security protection and governance measures are the main influencing factors of differences in grassland ecological security sta‐ tus among counties (districts) in Yulin City. It is recommended to adopt a coordinated development model of socioeconomic and ecological protection，carry out regional ecological regulation，and implement the "one area，one policy".