狼毒种群蓟马的访花特征及其对狼毒繁殖的影响

Thrips visitation and their effects on reproductive of Stellera chamaejasme

摘要:

【目的】 明确狼毒（Stellera chamaejasme）花性状变异对蓟马访花和狼毒个体雌性适合度的影响。【方法】 在高寒草地狼毒种群中，观测蓟马访花特征并测量狼毒花性状。【结果】 蓟马成虫多在狼毒花序开花初期和全开期进行访花。在夜间，狼毒花序上蓟马成虫的数量显著高于白天。蓟马（若虫）数量与狼毒的冠口宽度存在显著的正相关关系，与其他性状之间不存在显著的相关性。通径分析发现，狼毒的小花数量和蓟马数量对狼毒雌性适合度的直接作用最大，而冠筒长和冠口宽的直接作用较小。【结论】 蓟马访花与狼毒花性状（如花期、冠口大小）密切相关，其活动频次对狼毒雌性适合度有显著影响。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study was conducted to explore the characteristics of thrips foraging Stellera chamae-jasme and its effect on female fitness of the species in the alpine grasslands.【Method】 Thrips flower‐visiting behavioron Stellera chamaejasme were observed and the flower traits of Stellera chamaejasme were measured.【Results】 Theresults showed that adult thrips tended to forage the inflorescence that were at half ‐ flowering and fully ‐ flowering.The occurrence of thrips in the flowers was much higher at night than during the day. The number of larvae was positivelycorrelated with the corolla entrance diameter，but no significant correlation with other floral traits. Through pathanalysis，it was showed that the number of flowers and larvae in inflorescence had the strongly direct effect on femalefitness， while the corolla tube length and corolla entrance diameter had less direct effect.【Conclusion】 It was indicatedthat thrips foraging was closely related to the floral traits of S. chamaejasme，such as flowering period and corollaentrance diameter，and its activity frequency had a significant effect on the female fitness of S. chamaejasme.