玉米与高丹草间作混合青贮品质及瘤胃发酵特性

Quality and rumen fermentation characteristics ofmixed silage intercropping with corn and sorghum hybrid sudan grass

摘要:

【目的】 探究玉米与高丹草间作混贮对青贮品质及瘤胃发酵特性的影响。【方法】 对玉米与高丹草行比为6∶12（YG6‐12）、4∶8（YG4‐8）、2∶4（YG2‐4） 3 种间作模式以及玉米（Y）和高丹草（G）单作下青贮品质进行了研究。【结果】 玉米单作单贮的粗蛋白含量较高，中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量较低，高丹草单作单贮的营养品质较差。YG6‐12、YG4‐8 和YG2‐4 处理组中粗蛋白含量较高丹草分别提高了14. 14%、10. 71% 和2. 08%，酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量分别较高丹草降低了16. 84%、14. 63%、3. 63% 和9. 44%、2. 94%、2. 65%，其中YG6‐12 的营养品质优于其他混贮处理组。发酵品质方面，高丹草单作单贮的乳酸含量最高，混贮处理组次之，玉米单贮最低。混贮可降低高丹草的氨态氮含量，其中YG6-12 低于其他混贮处理组，较高丹草单贮降低了32. 08%，有效提高青贮饲料的发酵品质；混贮乙酸含量均低于玉米与高丹草单贮，可提高青贮饲料的适口性。混贮瘤胃发酵的丁酸、乙酸、丙酸含量均介于玉米与高丹草之间。【结论】 混贮可改善饲料的青贮品质以及瘤胃发酵特性，其中玉米与高丹草以行比为6∶12 种植后混贮的青贮品质较其他混贮处理组较好。

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of maize and sorghum intercropping on silage quality and rumenfermentation characteristics.【Method】 Three intercropping modes of maize and sorghum row ratio of 6∶12 （YG6 ‐12），4∶8（ YG4‐8） and 2∶4（ YG2‐4），as well as silage quality under maize（ Y） and sorghum（ G） monoculture，werestudied.【Result】 The results showed that the crude protein content was higher，the content of neutral detergent fiberand acid detergent fiber was lower，indicating poor nutritional quality of sorghum. In YG6 ‐ 12，YG4 ‐ 8 and YG2 ‐ 4treatment groups，the content of crude protein was higher than that in sorghum，increased by 14. 14%，10. 71% and2. 08%，respectively. The content of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were lower than those in sorghum，decreased by 16. 84%，14. 63%，3. 63% and 9. 44%，2. 94% and 2. 65%，respectively. Notably，the nutritionalquality of YG6‐12 was superior to that of other mixed storage treatment groups. In terms of fermentation quality，sorghum had the highest lactic acid content in both single cropping and single storage，followed by mixed storage，and maize had the lowest. Mixed storage reduced the ammonia nitrogen content of sorghum，with YG6 ‐ 12 beinglower than other mixed storage treatment groups. Sorghum single storage reduced ammonia nitrogen content by32. 08%，effectively improving the silage fermentation quality . The acetic acid content of mixed storage was lowerthan that of maize and sorghum，enhancing the palatability of silage. The contents of butyric acid，acetic acid and propionicacid in mixed storage rumen fermentation were intermediate between maize and sorghum.【Conclusion】 MixedSilage improves the silage quality and rumen fermentation characteristics of feed. The optimal row ratio of maize tosorghum is 6∶12，resulting in better silage quality compared to other mixed silage treatment groups.