高寒草甸植被-土壤养分含量与气象因子相关关系研究

A study on the correlation between vegetation-soilnutrient content and meteorological factors in alpine meadows

摘要:

【目的】 为揭示高寒草甸植被、土壤养分含量对气象因子变化的响应。【方法】 通过单因素（one-way ANOVA）、 Duncan 法进行方差分析及Pearson 相关分析，研究高寒嵩草草甸植被和土壤中全氮、全磷、全钾、有机碳、铵态氮、硝态氮，速效氮含量与年均气温、最高气温、最低气温、降水量、相对湿度和日照时数等6 个气象因子的相关性。【结果】 植被养分与7~9 月的最低气温、平均气温和日照时数存在显著正相关（P＜0. 05），其他指标与气候因子无显著相关关系；土壤0~15 cm 土层中硝态氮、速效氮和全钾分别与7~9 月平均气温、降水量和相对湿度呈显著正相关（P＜0. 05）；铵态氮和有机碳分别与日照时数、相对湿度呈显著负相关（P＜0. 05）；土壤15~30 cm 土层中铵态氮和全钾与平均气温呈显著正相关（P＜0. 05）；硝态氮和全磷与相对湿度呈显著负相关（P＜0. 05）。【结论】 植被养分、土壤0~15 cm 和15~30 cm 土层的全钾与平均气温呈显著正相关（P＜0. 05）。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study was conducted to reveal the response of alpine meadow vegetation soil nutrientcontent to changes in meteorological factors.【Method】 One‐way ANOVA，Duncan's method of analysis of variance（ANOVA） and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to investigate the correlation between and soil content of totalnitrogen，total phosphorus，total potassium，organic carbon，ammonium nitrogen，nitrate nitrogen and quick nitrogenof alpine tarragon meadow and six meteorological factors，including mean annual air temperature，maximum airtemperature，minimum air temperature，precipitation，relative humidity and hours of sunshine.【Result】 Vegetation nutrientswere significantly positively correlated with the minimum air temperature，average air temperature and sunshinehours from July to September（P＜0. 05），while other indexes were not significantly correlated with climatic fac‐tors （P＞0. 05）；Nitrate nitrogen，quick nitrogen and total potassium in the soil layer of 0~15 cm were significantlypositively correlated with the average air temperature，precipitation and relative humidity from July to September（P＜0. 05），respectively. Ammonium nitrogen and organic carbon were significantly negatively correlated with sunshinehours and relative humidity，respectively（P＜0. 05）. Ammonium nitrogen and total potassium in the soil layerof 15~30 cm were significantly positively correlated with the average air temperature（P＜0. 05）. Nitrate nitrogenand total phosphorus were significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity （P＜0. 05）.【Conclusion】 Vegetationnutrients，total potassium in the 0~15 cm and 15~30 cm soil layers were significantly and positively correlatedwith mean air temperature（P＜0. 05）.