不同处理方法对黄花鸡足豆种子萌发特性的影响

Effects of different treatment methods on seed ger⁃mination characteristics of Ornithopus compressus

摘要:

【目的】 黄花鸡足豆（Ornithopus compressus）属豆科鸡足豆属一年生牧草，能够适应较贫瘠土壤、酸性土壤和干旱地区生境，营养价值较高，但其种子的休眠特性限制了其利用。为提高种子萌发率，本研究分析了不同处理方法对黄花鸡足豆种子萌发的影响。【方法】 通过擦破种皮、温水浸种、化学腐蚀、激素处理等方法研究黄花鸡足豆种子萌发特性，统计发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等相关指标。【结果】 黄花鸡足豆种子萌发最适宜的温度处理为变温（20 ℃/30 ℃）；机械擦破种皮后黄花鸡足豆种子的发芽率由30. 67% 提高至78. 33%。40 ℃温水浸种60 min 发芽势为46%，显著高于浸泡10、30 min 和对照组（P＜0. 05）。98% 浓硫酸浸种20 min 后，种子发芽率显著提高，缩短了种子的发芽时间。【结论】机械擦破种皮、40 ℃温水浸种60 min、98% 浓H₂SO₄ 浸种20 min 处理均能显著提高黄花鸡足豆种子发芽率，促进种子萌发。

Abstract:

【Objective】 Yellow serradella（ Ornithopus compressus） is a annual legume belonging to the genus serradella.It exhibits adaptability to poor，acidic soil and arid areas while providing high nutritional value. However，thedormancy characteristics of its seeds limit its utilization. This research analyzed the effects of different treatments onthe seed germination to improve the seed germination rate.【Method】 The objective of this study was to explore theseed germination characteristics through treatments，such as scarification，warm water and chemical soaking as well asgibberellic acid （GA₃）. Various indicators，including germination rate，germination potential，germination index，werecalculated.【Result】 The optimum germination temperature was found to be variable temperature （20 ℃/30 ℃）. Mechanicalabrading increased the germination rate from 30. 67% to 78. 33%. After immersion in warm water at 40 ℃，the germination potential reached 46% after 60 minutes，which was significantly higher than that of the control groupafter 10 minutes，30 minutes （P＜0. 05）. Seeds soaked in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid （98% H₂SO₄） for 20 minutesexhibited a significantly increased germination rate，accompanied by a shortened germination time.【Conclusion】Higher germination rates were achieved through mechanical rubbing of seed coat，60 minutes of immersion in warmwater at 40 ℃，and 20 minutes of immersion of 98% H2SO4.