植生粒对三江源退化高寒草地植物群落组成及生物量的影响

Effect of seed fertilizer clays regeneration oncommunity composition and biomass of degradedalpine grassland in Sanjiangyuan

摘要:

【目的】 近年来，由于气候变暖和超载过牧，三江源高寒草地出现退化，导致源区生态环境恶化，草地植被多样性和生物量降低，而补播是恢复草地退化常用的有效方法之一，植生粒适用于高寒草原近自然补播恢复，本研究通过探究植生粒对三江源区高寒草地植物组成及生物量的影响，从而为高寒退化草地的恢复及可持续利用提供科学依据。【方法】 以三江源退化高寒草地为研究对象，利用组成比例不同的植生粒对其进行补播。【结果】 补播5 种配方植生粒均增加了以嵩草类植物为优势种的群落重要值，提高了物种数量、植被盖度，并提高了除C 处理外的群落的Shannon-wiener 多样性指数，降低了Pielou 均匀度指数。补播组成为15 g 草种、8. 5 g 复混肥和71. 5 g 凹凸棒土的植生粒可以更好地促进豆科植物的生长，该配方处理下豆科植物的生物量增加量为8. 35 g/m²；补播15 g 草种、15 g 复混肥和65 g 凹凸棒土的植生粒显著增加了禾本科植物地上生物量、莎草科植物地上生物量，增加量分别为3. 6 和8. 95 g/m²，降低了豆科植物地上生物量，说明该植生粒可以更好地促进禾本科和莎草科植物的生长。【结论】 添加植生粒对恢复退化高寒草地植被多样性，增加牧草产量具有重要意义。

Abstract:

【Objective】 In recent years，climate warming and overgrazing have led to the degradation of the alpinegrassland in Sanjiangyuan，resulting in the deterioration of ecological environment in the source area，and a decline inthe grassland vegetation diversity and biomass. Reseeding is a commonly used and effective method for restoring de-graded grasslands. Some studies have shown that seed fertilizer clays are suitable for near-natural reseeding restora-tion of alpine grasslands. To provide a scientific basis for the restoration and sustainable utilization of degraded alpinegrassland，this study explored the effects of seed fertilizer clay on the plant composition and biomass of alpine grass-lands in the source area of Sanjiangyuan【Method】 This study focused on the degraded alpine grassland in Sanji-angyuan as the research object，and used seed-fertilizer clay with different proportions to reseed it.【Result】 The re-sults showed that the addition of five seed fertilizer clays increased the important values of the dominant grass species，the number of species，and vegetation coverage. It also increased the Shannon-wiener diversity index of the commu-nities except for the C treatment，which decreased the Pielou evenness index. It was found that the addition of 15 ggrass seeds，8. 5 g compound fertilizer and 71. 5 g attapulgite clay promoted the growth of leguminous plants，increas-ing their biomass by 8. 35 g/m². Furthermore，the addition of 15 g grass seeds，15 g compound fertilizer，and 65 g at-tapulgite clay fertilizers significantly increased the aboveground biomass of grasses and sedge plants while reduced theaboveground biomass of leguminous plants. The biomass of gramineous plants and sedge plants increased by 3. 6g/m2 and 8. 95 g/m²，respectively，indicating that the seed fertilizer clay can better promote the growth of gramineousand sedge plants.【Conclusion】 In conclusion，reseeding of seed fertilizer clays is important for restoring the vegeta-tion diversity of degraded alpine grasslands and increasing the forage yield.