丛枝菌根真菌对3种水土保持草本植物生长和土壤团聚体的影响

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on thegrowth and soil aggregates of three soil andwater conservation herbs

摘要:

【目的】 筛选出红壤区最优水土保持草本植物与丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）组合，提升红壤侵蚀区坡面水土流失治理水平。【方法】 选择优良水土保持植物白三叶（Trifo-lium repens）、百喜草（Paspalum notatum ）和雀稗（Paspalum thunbergii）在温室进行盆栽试验，设接种摩西管柄囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae）、根内根孢囊霉（Rhizophagus intraradices）及不接种（对照）3 种处理，测定3 种植物的AMF 侵染率、地上、地下生长指标及土壤团聚体情况。【结果】 接种AMF 可显著促进3 种植物的地上部生长，对百喜草和白三叶的促生效果显著（P＜0. 05）；接种AMF 可显著增加白三叶根长、根体积、根系分叉和根冠比数等，促进其根系生长发育；白三叶对AMF 根冠比的生长响应及菌根依赖度优于另外2 种植物；接种AMF 显著提高了白三叶土壤水稳性团聚体含量。【结论】 白三叶具有较高菌根侵染率，能与AMF 共生，获得更加发达的根系和良好的长势，有效促进植被-土壤相互作用，增强调控坡面侵蚀的能力。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The screening of the combination between soil and water conversation herbs and arbuscu-lar mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） is the key to improving the control of soil erosion in red soil areas.【Method】 A green-house experiment was conducted with three AMF treatments （inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae，Rhizophagusintraradices and non-inoculated control），and three plant species，Trifolium repens，Paspalum notatum and Pas-palum thunbergii. The AMF colonization rate，above-ground and belowground growth traits of the three herbs andsoil aggregates were analyzed.【Result】 The results showed that inoculation of AMF significantly improved theabove-mentioned growth indices of T. repens，P. notatum and P. thunbergii，and exerting the most significantgrowth-promotion effect on P. notatum and T. repens. AMF inoculation significantly increased root length，root vol-ume，root forks and root-to-shoot ratio of T. repens，promoting the root growth and development of T. repens. Thepositive effect of T. repens on AMF root-cap ratio and mycorrhizal dependency was better than the other two plants.AMF inoculation significantly increased the content of water-stable aggregates in the soil of T. repens.【Conclusion】T. repens had higher rate of mycorrhizal infection，developed a more robust root system and good growth potentialthrough symbiosis with AMF，improving soil aggregate stability. It effectively promoted vegetation and soil interac-tion，thus enhancing its ability to control slope erosion，improving red soil erosion area of slope soil，and reducing wa-ter loss from plant measures at the management level o. This could accelerates the region's ecological restoration andvegetation reconstruction.