不同栽培基质对无芒隐子草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of different culture substrates on seed germination and seedling growth of Cleistogenes songorica

摘要:

【目的】无芒隐子草（Cleistogenes songorica）是一种抗旱能力较强的草种，但因其种子有休眠现象，成苗周期长，导致无芒隐子草在田间种植的出苗率和存活率不高，本研究旨在解决这一问题。 【方法】采用基质栽培技术，选择来源广泛易获得的 7 种基质（泥炭、锯末、细砂、菇渣、蛭石、珍珠岩、陶粒）对无芒隐子草进行培育，并测定了各基质的理化性质以及无芒隐子草的萌发指标和生长指标。 【结果】细砂、泥炭、锯末以及蛭石培育的无芒隐子草在发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数以及苗长等指标上均优于其他 3 种基质，其中锯末、细砂、泥炭和蛭石培育的无芒隐子草发芽率分别比菇渣提高了 6. 4 倍、6. 3 倍、5. 9 倍和 5. 8 倍。【结论】通过隶属函数法对各基质进行综合评价，排序为锯末＞蛭石 ＞细砂＞珍珠岩＞泥炭＞菇渣＞陶粒，推荐使用细砂、泥炭、锯末和蛭石作为无土栽培基质培育无芒隐子草。

Abstract:

【Objective】Cleistogenes songorica is a perennial Gramineae grasses known for its stronger drought resistance and wide distribution in arid and semiarid areas. However，due to seed dormancy and the lengthy period from germination to seedling establishment，the emergence rate and survival rate of C. songorica are often insufficient to meet the demands of seed producer.【Method】 To address solve this problem，seven commonly available substrates （peat，sawdust，fine sand，mushroom residue，vermiculite，perlite，ceramsite） were selected as incubation media for a cultivation experiment with C. songorica in a glasshouse. The physical and chemical properties of each substrate were measured along with germination and seedling growth‐related indexes【Result】 The study found that the germination potential，germination rate，germination index，vigor index and coleoptile length of C. songorica incubated with fine sand，peat，sawdust and vermiculite were superior to other treatments. The germination rate of C. songorica incubated in sawdust，fine sand，peat and vermiculite was significantly higher than that in mushroom residue，with rates 6. 4 times，6. 3 times，5. 9 times and 5. 8 times higher，respectively.【Conclusion】 A comprehensive evaluation using the membership function method for each medium was conducted，resulting in the following sequence： sawdust ＞ vermiculite ＞ fine sand ＞ perlite ＞ peat ＞ mushroom residue ＞ ceramide. It is recommended to use a mixture of fine sand with peat，sawdust and vermiculite as soilless culture substrate for the establishment of C. songorica and lawn formation.