单因素试验结合响应面分析法对黄连木叶片挥发性有机物萃取条件的优化

Optimization of extraction conditions of Pistacia chinensis leaves by response surface method

摘要:

【目的】研究彩叶植物黄连木叶片挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）萃取的最佳试验条件。【方法】 选取黄连木叶片作为试验材料，在单因素试验的基础上，采用中心组合（Box-Benhnken）试验设计原理，设计了四因素三水平 29 个试验点的响应面分析模型，优化了顶空固相微萃取法的萃取温度、震荡时间、加样量和解吸附时间，随即采用 SPME-GC-MS 测定黄连木叶片挥发性有机物种类、相对含量及总峰面积。【结果】黄连木叶片挥发性有机物萃取的最佳试验条件为：萃取温度 35 ℃、震荡时间 30 min、加样量 0. 50 g、解吸附时间 5 min，在最佳条件下结合 GC-MS 分析测得黄连木叶片中共有 63 种成分，其中萜烯类、醛类、烷烃类、酮类、醇类、酯类、炔类化合物的相对含量分别是 89. 87%、9. 24%、 0. 54%、0. 18%、0. 14%、0. 02% 和 0. 01%。【结论】单因素试验结合响应面法优化的顶空固相微萃取条件适合快速测定黄连木叶片的挥发物，萜烯类化合物为主要挥发物。

Abstract:

【Objective】To determine the optimal extraction conditions of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） from leaves of Pistacia chinensis.【Method】 Based on single factor and Box-Benhnken design principles，a response surface analysis model of 29 test sites，including four factors and three levels，was designed to optimize the extraction temperature，concussion time，sample volume and desorption time of headspace solid phase microextraction. The species，relative content and total peak area of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） were determined by SPME-GCMS.【Results】 The optimal conditions for the extraction of volatile organic compounds from the leaves of P. chinensis were as follows：The extraction temperature was 35 ℃；the concussion time was 30 min；the sample volume was 0. 50 g；and the desorption time was 5 min. Under the optimal conditions combined with GC-MS analysis，63 components were observed in the leaves of P. chinensis. The relative contents of terpenes，aldehydes，alkanes，ketones，alcohols， esters and acetylenes were 89. 87%，9. 24%，0. 54%，0. 18%，0. 14%，0. 02% and 0. 01%，respectively.【Conclusion】 The headspace solid phase microextraction conditions optimized using combined single factor test and response surface method were suitable for the rapid determination of volatile compounds in the leaves of P. chinensis，and terpenes were the main volatile compounds.