甘肃陇中地区中熟早熟青贮玉米品种生产性能研究

Screening of middle and early maturing silage maize varieties in central Gansu

摘要:

【目的】筛选生产性能高、适宜于作为秋播小黑麦复种青贮玉米作物的品种。【方法】研究 9 个中熟早熟青贮玉米品种（华美 2 号，利合 228，利单 656，大京九 26，京科青贮 932，武科青贮 107，西蒙青贮 707，豫青贮 23，蒙青贮 1812）在甘肃中部地区的农艺性状和草产量。【结果】豫青贮 23 的株高、穗位高和叶片数均表现较好，生长发育较快，2020 和 2021 年的鲜草产量均最高，分别为 140. 95、79. 13 t/hm² ，达到了青贮玉米的最佳收获期；西蒙青贮 707 虽叶片数量较少、株高低、叶片较短较宽，但穗上叶数量较多 、茎秆较粗，2020 年鲜草产量较高，为 115. 4 t/hm² ，2021 年由于干旱，鲜草产量仅为 56. 6 t/hm² ，两年均达到了青贮玉米的最佳收获期。【结论】综合分析参试品种的草产量和生育时期，豫青贮 23 和西蒙青贮 707 适宜在甘肃中部地区种植，可作为秋播小黑麦的复种作物。

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to identify silafe maize varieties with high production performance.【Method】 The agronomic characteristics and grass yield of nine midearly maturing silage maize varieties （Huamei 2，Lihe 228， Litan 656，Dajing Jiu26，Jingke Silage 932，Wuke silage 107，Simon silage 707，Yu Silage 23，Meng Silage 1812） in central Gansu were studied.【Result】 Yu silage showed rapid growth and development with good plant height，ear height and leaf number. In 2020 and 2021，fresh grass yield was the highest 140. 95 t/hm2 and 79. 13 t/hm² ，respectively， and reached the best harvest time of silage corn. Although Simon Silage 707 had fewer leaves，shorter leaves and wider leaves，it had more leaves on ear and thicker stalks than the rest of the varieties. The fresh grass yields was 115. 4 t/hm² in 2020，but the fresh grass yield was only 56. 6 t/hm² in 2021 due to drought. Simon Silage 707 met the best harvest time of silage corn in both years.【Conclusion】 The results showed that Yu Silage 23 and Simon silage 707 were suitable for planting in central Gansu province and could be used as double crops of autumn sowing trials.