边坡修复中边坡类型及绿化植物对目标群落有效性的研究

Study of slope types and the effectiveness and targetcommunities of green plants in slope restoration

摘要:

【目的】 研究绿化植物和受损边坡对生态修复的有效性，探索重建目标植物群落的主要依据。【方法】 用AHP 方法分析绿化植物和受损边坡在边坡修复中的有效性，按有效性排序选择先锋和建群种植物构建目标植物群落。【结果】 受损高速公路边坡体量大，且主要分布于经济发达和人口密集区域，对环境和社会经济影响大，因此修复受损高速公路边坡见效快，且对总体目标贡献率高达50. 24%；不同种及不同生活型的植物有效性差别很大，可有多种组合搭配模式，但针对目标群落应首选对修复类型最有效的植物作为绿化植物。【结论】 拟以灌草型、乔灌草型和藤草型植物群落分别作为山区高速公路边坡、废弃矿山堆积坡和采石场石质边坡修复重建的目标植物群落。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of green plants and damagedslopes for ecological restoration and to explore the main basis for rebuilding the target plant community.【Method】The effectiveness of green plants and damaged slopes in slope restoration was analyzed by Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） method， and the target plant communities were constructed by selecting pioneer and constructive plantspecies in order of effectiveness.【Result】 This study found that the volumes of damaged highway slope bodies werelarge and mainly located in economically developed and densely populated areas， which had a high impact on the environmentand social economy. And therefore the restoration of damaged highway slopes had a quick effect and the contributionrate to the overall target was as high as 50. 24%. The effectiveness of different species and life types ofplants varied greatly and could be combined in a variety of ways，but the most effective plant for the type of restorationshould be preferred as the green plant for the target community.【Conclusion】 The plant communities of“ shrubherb”type，“arbor-shrub-herb” type， and“ liana-herb”type were proposed as the target plant communities for therestoration and reconstruction of mountainous highway slopes， accumulated slopes of abandoned mine， and rockyslopes of quarries respectively.