黄土高原退牧还草工程实施成效认知评价——以甘肃省环县为例

Implementation evaluation of the policy of returninggrazing land to grassland in the Loess Plateau: Acase study in Huan County of Gansu Province

摘要:

【目的】 全面评估退牧还草工程实施以来黄土高原区域所取成效与面临问题，优化后续工程的实施。【方法】 以黄土高原区的甘肃省环县为例，开展退牧还草工程实施成效认知评价。通过实地考察、入户调查和访问座谈，结合管理部门、实施对象的意见和建议，从退牧还草工程特点出发，构建基于层次分析（AHP）?模糊综合评价法的评估模型，对实施成效认知进行了评估。【结果】 黄土高原区退牧还草项目农牧民认可度高，实施成效综合得分75. 94，处于中等偏上水平，在生态修复方面取得了较好成就，对当地经济建设起到了促进作用。【结论】 建议后期工程实施中加大对实施必要性的宣传，让生态保护观念更深入人心，结合社会变迁的情况，辅以科技支撑、产业结构调整、政策导向等方式，促进新时期黄土高原类似地区的生态建设与高质量发展。

关键词:退牧还草;政策评估;AHP‒模糊综合评价法;黄土高原

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the achievements and problems in the Loess Plateau since the implementation of the project of returning grazing to grassland，and to better optimizethe implementation of subsequent projects.【Method】 In this study，Huan County of Gansu Province in loess Plateauregion was taken as an example to carry out the cognitive evaluation of the implementation effect of the project of returningpasture to grassland. The Analytic Hierarchy Process（ AHP）?Fuzzy Comprehensive Model was constructedto evaluate the effectiveness of project implementation through field investigation，household investigation and interviewdiscussion，and combined with the opinions and suggestions of the management department and the implementationprojects.【Result】 The results showed that the comprehensive score of the implementation effect was 75. 94，which indicated that the ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau region had achieved good achievements and playeda great role in promoting local economic construction.【Conclusion】 It is suggested to increase the publicity of the necessityof implementation to the masses in the later stage of the project implementation，so that the concept of ecologicalprotection will be more deeply rooted in peoples hearts. ，The implementation of the plan should be combinedwith the situation of social changes，supported by scientific and technological support，industrial structure adjustment，policy guidance，etc. ，to promote the ecological construction and high-quality development of similar areas on theLoess Plateau in the new era.

Key words:return grazing land to grassland;policy evaluation;AHP‒Fuzzy comprehensive method;Loess Plateau