融雪剂对路域植物和土壤的影响及其耐性植物筛选

Effects of snow-melting agents on roadside plantsand rhizosphere soil:screening of tolerant plants

摘要:

【目的】 研究融雪剂对路域植物群落优势种及其根际土壤的影响，并筛选耐性植物。【方法】在太原市某道路两侧，进行植物样方调查，对植物及根际土壤样本采集。测定路域植物根际土壤含盐量、土壤酶活性、植物叶和根中抗逆性指标。【结果】 1）与对照组（低盐）比，融雪剂组（高盐）植物群落优势种根际土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性下降，且与含盐量呈负相关。融雪剂组优势种根际土壤脲酶活性降低，但与含盐量无相关性。土壤含盐量大小顺序为女贞＞草地早熟禾＞堪察加景天＞冬青＞刺槐；2）融雪剂组植物叶中叶绿素含量比对照组低，丙二醛含量比对照组高。融雪剂组堪察加景天和女贞叶和根中丙二醛含量低于冬青和草地早熟禾。脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量融雪剂组冬青叶中比对照组低，而女贞叶中含量比对照组高。【结论】 融雪剂对植物叶绿素合成、抗寒、抗氧化和细胞保水性有不良影响，且对路域土壤有不利影响。堪察加景天和女贞植物抗逆性高于冬青和草地早熟禾。

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to elucidate the effects of snow-melting agentson dominant roadsideplantsand their rhizosphere soil，as well as to screen for tolerant plants.【Method】A plant quadrant survey was conducted，along with the collection of plant leaves，roots and rhizosphere soil samplesfrom both sides of a road in TaiyuanCity，China. Changes in saltsalt content changes in rhizosphere soil，soil enzyme activity，and resistance indexesin plant leaves and roots were investigated.【Result】 1） The activities of soil sucrase，catalase，and alkaline phosphatasein the rhizosphere ofdominant plants in the snow‐melting agent（ high‐salinity） groups decreased compared to thecontrol groups （low‐salinity），awith negative correlations observed with salinity content. Urease activity in the rhizosphereof dominant roadside plants from high salinity groups decreased with increasing salinity content，although therewas no correlation found. The salinity content in the rhizosphere of roadside dominant plants followed the order：Rob-inia pseudoacacia＜Ilex chinensis Sims ＜Sedum kamtschaticum＜Poa pratensis＜Ligustrum lucidum. 2）Chlorophylland malondialdehyde levels in the leaves of the snow-melting agent group were lower than that in the control，whilemalondialdehyde levels were higher. In the snow-melting agent group，malondialdehyde contents in the leaves androots of Sedum kamtschaticum and Ligustrum lucidum in were lower than those of Ilex chinensis Sims and Poa praten-sis. The proline and soluble protein contents in the leaves of Sedum kamtschaticum and Ligustrum lucidumininthesnow-melting agent groups were lower than those inthe control group，while the contents in Ligustrum lucidum ‐leaves were higher.【Conclusion】 The resultssuggest that the snow-melting agent adversely affected chlorophyllsynthesis，cold resistance，oxidatidative stress resistance，and water retention in cells，negatively impactingroadsidesoil. Stress resistance was found to be greater in Sedum kamtschaticum and Ligustrum lucidum compared to Ilex chi-nensis Sims and Poa pratensis.