沼液施用对蒙古黄芪根无机元素及有效成分积累的影响

Study on the effects of biogas application on the accumulation of inorganic elements and active ingredients in Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus

摘要:

【目的】 明确沼液对生长期黄芪10 种无机元素积累的影响，分析无机元素与有效成分的相关性。【方法】 用不同浓度沼液分别对黄芪进行叶面喷施、土壤施肥和叶面喷施+土壤施肥，研究其对黄芪无机元素和有效成分含量的影响。【结果】 沼液叶面喷施，以80% 沼液处理的Fe、K、Ca、Mg、Na、Ni含量较高，显著高于其他处理（P＜0. 05）。沼液土壤施肥，采收期数据显示：80% 沼液土壤施肥处理的Fe、K、Ca、Na、Mn 含量显著高于其他10 个处理（P＜0. 05），Ni 含量以CF 处理值最高，显著高于其他处理（P＜0. 05）。相关性分析表明，Fe 含量与毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素含量，Na 含量与芒柄花素含量呈显著正相关；Mg 含量与芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮含量，Na 与黄芪皂苷Ⅲ含量均存在显著负相关。判别分析发现造成沼液与其他处理差异的主要元素有Ca、Na、Mn、Fe、Mg。【结论】 适宜的沼液施用模式可促进黄芪根无机元素的累积，且与有效成分存在密切关系。

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study investigates the effect of biogas slurry application on the accumulation of teninorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus during growth，and analyzes the correlation between these inorganic elements and active ingredients.【Method】 The impact of biogas slurry concentration on the accumulationof inorganic elements and active compounds in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus was examinedusing three application methods：foliar spraying，soil fertilization and a combination of both.【Result】 Biogas slurry applicationsignificantly promoted the accumulation of inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholi-cus. When biogas slurry was applied solely as foliar spray，the 80% concentration treatment notably increased the contentsof potassium（ K），calcium（ Ca），magnesiusm（ Mg），sodium（ Na） and nickel（ Ni），performing significantly betterthan the other treatments （P＜0. 05）. In soil fertilization treatments，the harvest data revealed that 80 % biogasslurry topdressing treatment resulted in significantly higher concentrations of zinc （Zn），iron （Fe），K，Ca，Na，andmanganese （Mn） compared to the other 10 treatments （P＜0. 05）. Conventional fertilization yielded the highest Nicontent in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus compared to other treatments （P＜0. 05）. Correlation analysisindicated significant positive correlations between Fe and the contents of calycosin‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glycosides，ononin，calycosin，and formononetin. Na showed a significant positive correlation with formononetin，while Mg was negativelycorrelated with ononin and formononetin. Additionally，Na had a negative correlation with astragaloside III content.Discriminant analysis identified Ca，Na，Mn，Fe，and Mg as the primary elements responsible for the differences betweenthe biogas slurry and other treatments.【Conclusions】 Optimal concentrations and application methods of biogasslurry can enhance the accumulation of inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus，withthe contents of active ingredients closely linked to these inorganic elements.