20份燕麦种质遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of 20 oat germplasms

摘要:

【目的】 了解20 份燕麦种质间的相对亲缘关系。【方法】 利用8 对SSR 多态性引物对20 份燕麦种质进行遗传多样性分析。【结果】 8 对引物共扩增出44 个位点，其中多态性位点有40 个，平均每对引物扩增出5. 5 个位点。SSR 标记位点平均多态性信息含量、平均有效等位基因数、平均香农指数、平均期望杂合度和平均观测杂合度分别为0. 630 8、3. 052 4、1. 271 0、0. 673 1 和0. 552 1。聚类结果表明：20 份燕麦种质的遗传相似系数变幅为0. 14~1. 00，在相似系数0. 59 处，可将20 份材料分为7 组。主成分分析结果显示前3 个主成分占总变异的83. 44%，根据第一及第二主成分可将20 份种质分为4 个大组，且与聚类结果基本一致。【结论】 所选用引物多态性较好，遗传多样性较高，不同燕麦种质间遗传关系与其地理来源具有一定相关性，研究结果可为燕麦遗传改良及分子育种提供参考。

Abstract:

【Objective】 It is important to understand the relative relationship among 20 oat（Avena sativa） germplasms.【Method】The genetic diversity of 20 oat germplasms were analyzed by using 8 pairs of SSR polymorphic primers.【Result】 The results showed that 44 allele variations were amplified，of which 40 were polymorphic loci，with an average of 5. 5 loci per primer pair. The average polymorphism information content （PIC），average effectivenumber of alleles，average Shannon index，average expected heterozygosity and average observed heterozygosity were0. 630 8，3. 052 4，1. 271 0，0. 673 1 and 0. 552 1，respectively. The clustering results showed that the genetic similaritycoefficient of 20 oat germplasms ranged from 0. 14 to 1. 00 and could be divided into 7 groups at the similarity coefficientof 0. 59. Principal component analysis showed that the first three principal components accounted for83. 44% of the total variation. According to the first and second principal components，20 germplasms could be dividedinto four groups，which were basically consistent with the clustering results.【Conclusion】 The selected primershad high polymorphism and genetic diversity，and the genetic relationship between different oat germplasms was partiallycorrelated with their geographical origin. The results could provide reference for genetic improvement and molecularbreeding of oat.