莪术醇和α⁃氯代醇不育剂对高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔繁殖能力的抑制效应

Inhibitory effect of curcumol ans α-chlorogenol on the reproductive ability of plateau zokors and plateau pikas

摘要:

【目的】 评价啮齿动物不育剂对高原鼢鼠（Eospalax baileyi）和高原鼠兔（Ochotona cur- zoniae）繁殖的影响。【方法】 选择典型高寒草地啮齿动物危害区域，野外投放莪术醇不育剂测定雌性高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔的胎仔率；选用α-氯代醇不育剂测定雄性高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔的精子密度、精子畸形率及睾丸组织结构，采用独立样本t检验进行分析对比。【结果】 相比非投药对照组，莪术醇饵剂显著降低高原鼠兔的胎仔率（P＜0.01），但对高原鼢鼠的胎仔率影响不明显；α-氯代醇显著降低高原鼠兔精子密度（P＜0.05），显著增加高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠精子畸形率（P＜0.05），高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠脏器系数无明显变化；组织结构切片结果显示α-氯代醇能使高原鼠兔附睾中的精子及分泌物减少，且睾丸体组织存在间质出血现象，而对高原鼢鼠作用下仅有附睾尾部精子及分泌物减少。【结论】 莪术醇饵剂和 α-氯代醇对高原鼠兔繁殖有明显抑制效果，α-氯代醇作用下高原鼢鼠精子畸形率会增加。

Abstract:

【Objective】 To evaluate the effects of sterile baits on the reproduction of plateau pika and plateau zo- kor in the alpine grasslands under field conditions.【Method】 Sterile baits containing curcumol were used to measure changes in litter size of the two rodents，while α-chlorogenol was used to assess sperm density，sperm malformation rate，and testicular histology in male plateau zokors and plateau pikas. An independent sample t-test was applied for analysis and comparison.【Result】 Compared to the control group without non-dosing，curcumol baits significantly reduced the litter size of plateau pika （P＜0. 01） but had no significant effect on plateau zokors. α-chloroproterenol significantly reduced the sperm density of plateau zokors （P＜0. 05） and significantly increased the sperm malformation rate of plateau pikas and plateau zokors （P＜0. 05）. However，the organ index of plateau zokors and plateau zokors did not change significantly. Histological analysis revealed that α-chlorogenol reduced the spermatozoa and secretion in the epididymis of plateau zokor，and caused interstitial hemorrhage in the testicular tissue. In plateau pika，reductions in spermatozoa and secretions were observed only in the caudal part of the epididymis.【Conclusion】 Curcumol and α-chloroproterenol sterilebaits significantly affect the reproduction of plateau pika by reducing litter size and increasing sperm malformation rates. In plateau zokors，α-chlorogenol increases sperm malformation rates but does not significantly impact litter size.