甘南高寒区藜麦种质适应性评价

Evaluation of germplasm adaptability of quinoa in the alpine region of Gannan Prefecture

摘要:

【目的】 探究供试品种在甘肃省甘南州高寒区的适应性表现，筛选出甘南州高寒区最适藜麦品种，为藜麦在本地区的科学种植和产业发展提供理论依据，并为全国藜麦种植业发展提供科学支持。 【方法】 以13个藜麦引选品种为材料，测定记录其物候期、农艺性状、产量指标、抗倒伏性和抗病性以及营养品质等指标，应用聚类分析法以及隶属函数对这些品种进行分类和评价。【结果】 13个藜麦材料均可以在甘肃省甘南州高寒区完成整个生育期，但不同品种生育期、农艺性状及营养品质有所不同；吉4 和陇藜1号产量高，千粒重高，且其营养品质高，因此可投入生产高产高品质原粮。观赏红藜虽产量偏低，但具有观赏藜麦的特性，可应用于观赏。【结论】 综合各性状进行分析，吉4生育期短（120 d）、产量高（2 108.1 kg/hm2）、千粒重高（4.01 g）且营养品质较好，为甘南州高寒区最适品种，可在该地区大面积推广。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of the study is to investigate the adaptive performance of the test varieties in the alpine zone of Gannan Prefecture，Gansu Province，and to screen out the most suitable quinoa varieties in the alpine zone of Gannan Prefecture，so as to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific cultivation and industrial development of quinoa in the region and to provide scientific support for the development of quinoa cultivation in the whole country.【Method】 13 quinoa varieties were taken as materials. Their phenological period，agronomic traits，yield indexes， resistance to fall and disease，as well as nutritional quality，etc. were measured and recorded ，and the cluster analysis method and the affiliation function were applied to categorize and evaluate these varieties.【Result】 All 13 selected quinoa materials could complete the whole fertility period in the alpine area of Gannan Prefecture，Gansu Province， but the fertility period，agronomic traits and nutritional quality of different varieties were different. Ji 4 and Longli No. 1 had high yields，high thousand-grain weights and their nutritional quality was high，so they could be put into the production of high-yield and high-quality raw grains. Longli No. 3 and ornamental red quinoa although yield was low， but had the characteristics of ornamental quinoa，and thus could be applied to ornamental.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis of the traits showed that Ji4 had a short fertility period （120 d），high yield （2 108. 1 kg/hm2），high thousand grain weight （4. 01 g） and good nutritional quality，and was the most suitable variety for the alpine zone of Gan- nan Prefecture，and could be widely promoted in the region.