8个小黑麦品系在甘肃中部地区的形态特性及营养品质比较

Comparison of morphological characteristics and nutritional quality of eight triticale varieties (lines) in central Gansu Province

摘要:

【目的】 筛选适宜在甘肃中部地区推广种植的小黑麦品种（系）。【方法】 以5个甘肃农业大学自育小黑麦材料（C6、C10、C16、C23、C25）以及3个乌克兰的小黑麦材料（W33、W34、W35）为试验材料，研究了其在不同生长发育时期的株高和分蘖数的动态变化，以及开花期的植株粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量以及单株生物量，并利用隶属函数法对其进行了综合评价。【结果】 随着生长发育时间的推移，8个小黑麦材料的株高增速的动态变化呈现先缓慢，后迅速，最后趋于稳定；分蘖数随时间推移基本呈现先升高后下降的趋势，5个国内小黑麦材料的长势整体优于3个乌克兰引进材料。其中品系C6在蜡熟期的单株生物量最高（78.04 g/株），W35最低（44.76 g/株）。从植株的营养成分上看，品系C16的粗蛋白（CP）含量为最高，而C6的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）及酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量均为最低。【结论】 参试小黑麦材料的综合评价结果排序为：C6＞C16＞C10＞C25＞W33＞C23＞W34＞ W35，C6和C16综合表现良好，适宜在甘肃中部地区及其他气候相似区种植。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study was implemented in order to screen suitable triticale varieties （lines） for promotion and cultivation in the central region of Gansu.【Method】 In this experiment，five triticale materials （C6，C10， C16，C23，C25） from Gansu Agricultural University and three triticale materials （W33，W34，W35） from Ukraine were used as experimental materials to study the dynamic changes in plant height and tiller number at different growth and development stages. The contents of CP，NDF and ADF at flowering stage were measured，as well as the individual biomass at maturity stage. And the membership function method was used for comprehensive evaluation.【Result】 With the passage of growth and development time，，the dynamic changes of plant height of the eight triticale materials showed a slow，then rapid，and finally stable growth rate. The tiller number of the triticale materials tested basically showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing over time，and the growth trend of the domestic triticale materials was generally better than that of the imported materials from Ukraine. While C6 had the highest individual biomass （78. 04 g/plant） at the flowering stage，while W35 had the lowest （44. 76 g/plant） individual biomass. From the perspective of nutritional quality，the CP content of C16 was the highest among the materials，while the NDF and ADF content of C6 were the lowest among the materials.【Conclusion】 The comprehensive evaluation results of the triticale materials tested were ranked as follows： C6＞C16＞C10＞C25＞W33＞C23＞W34＞W35. C6 and C16 showed great comprehensive performance and were suitable for planting in the central region of Gansu and other areas with similar climate.