高寒草甸垂穗披碱草根际孢囊线虫分离和种类鉴定

Extraction and identification of cyst nematodes in Elymus nutans rhizosphere in alpine meadow

摘要:

【目的】 明确寄生甘肃省天祝县高寒草甸垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）的孢囊线虫种类，为草原禾草孢囊线虫控制提供理论依据，以保护高寒区草地生态资源。【方法】 通过简易漂浮法分离垂穗披碱草根际孢囊线虫，对线虫形态特征观察和体值测量，采用分子生物学技术对该种群28S-rDNA D2-D3区和 ITS-rDNA进行测序和聚类分析。【结果】 形态观测结果显示，该线虫种群孢囊褐色、柠檬形，阴门膜孔类型为双膜孔，初步将其鉴定为禾谷孢囊线虫（Heterodera avenae）。分子技术鉴定结果显示，该种群与禾谷孢囊线虫聚为一支。【结论】 结合形态学特征和分子生物学分析，将垂穗披碱草根际线虫种群鉴定为禾谷孢囊线虫。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of the study is to clarify the species of cyst nematodes parasitizing Elymus nutans Griseb. in the alpine meadow of Tianzhu county，Gansu province，and to provide theoretical basis for controlling the cyst nematode on grass，so as to protect the ecological resources of alpine grassland.【Method】The simple floating method was used to isolate the cyst nematodes. The morphological characteristics of nematodes were observed and measured，and molecular biology techniques were used to sequence and cluster the 28S-rDNA D2-D3 region and ITS-rDNA of the population.【Result】The cysts were brown with large lemon-shaped and bifenestrate vulva cones. The nematodes were initially identified as Heterodera avenae based on diagnostic characters. Molecular identification results showed that sequences were clustered with those of H. avenae.【Conclusion】 Therefore，by morphological and molecular identification，the nematode population parasitizing on E. nutans was identified as H. avenae.