青贮型玉米品种在河西走廊的适应性研究

Study on adaptability of silage maize varieties in Hexi Corridor

摘要:

【目的】 了解和掌握青贮型玉米品种在河西走廊的品种性状和适应性。【方法】 以国美808、河农1号2个青贮专用型玉米品种作为研究对象，以豫玉22为对照品种（CK），对其农艺性状、生物产量、 营养品质、抗性等进行了试验研究，并用隶属函数法将22个相关指标进行综合评价。【结果】 国美808 的株高、生物产量显著高于其他2个品种（P＜0.05）；国美808和河农1号粗蛋白含量和相对饲用价值均显著高于对照（P＜0.05）；倒伏率和抗病性也表现为2个青贮型玉米品种显著高于豫玉22。供试玉米品种的鲜、干草产量与株高、穗长、持绿性以及粗蛋白与穗长均呈极显著正相关关系。利用隶属函数法对其适应性综合评价排序为：国美808＞河农1号＞豫玉22。【结论】 青贮型玉米国美808和河农1号的产草量、株高、叶部性状和营养品质均优于粮用型玉米豫玉22；3个玉米品种的生产性能、叶部性状以及营养品质之间存在显著的相关关系。2个青贮型玉米相比，国美808产量高、相对饲用价值好；河农1号蛋白质含量高，综合抗性好，均可在河西及相似区域推广种植。

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study was carried out in order to evaluate variety characters and adaptability of silage maize varieties in Hexi Corridor.【Method】 2 silage maize varieties，Guomei 808 and Henong 1 were used as experimental materials with Yuyu22 as control variety. Their agronomic traits，yield，nutritional quality and resistancewere- assessed，and 22 related indexes were comprehensively evaluated by subordinate function method.【Result】 The results showed thatthe plant height，yield of Guomei 808 were significantly higher than those of the other two varieties （P＜0.05）. The crude protein content and relative feed value of Guomei 808 and Henong 1 were significantly higher than those of the control（P＜0. 05），and the lodging rate and disease resistance were also significantly higher than those of the control variety. It was also found that there was significantly positive correlation between fresh and dry yield and plant height，ear length and leaf stay-green，respectively. Meanwhile，the crude protein content was significantly positive correlated with ear length. Ranking of adaptability comprehensive evaluation by the affiliation function method were as follows：Gome 808＞Henong 1＞Yuyu 22.【Conclusion】 Guo-mei 808 has high yield and good nutritional qualities. Henong 1 has high protein and good disease resistance. These two varieties are suitable variety for the Hexi Corridor，and can be widely planted in the region.